แจง
jɛɛngMeanings
1VerbB1
[to] explain; clarify in detail
To explain clearly, often with details or supporting points.
Examples
คุณkunคุณkun1you (polite)2Mr.; Ms.; Mrs. (title)3quality; virtue; meritช่วยchûuaiช่วยchûuai1[to] help; assist [sb/sth]2please (request marker)3[to] save; rescue [sb]แจงjɛɛngแจงjɛɛng1[to] explain; clarify in detail2[to] itemize; list (points)เหตุผลhèet-pǒnเหตุผลhèet-pǒn1reason; justification2reasoning; rationalityให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)ผมpǒmผมpǒm1I; me (male speaker, polite)2hair (on the head)ฟังfangฟังfang1listen2heed3[to] sound; seem (to the ear)หน่อยnɔ̀iหน่อยnɔ̀i1a little; a bit2polite softener (request)ได้ไหมdâai-mǎiได้ไหมdâai-mǎi1is it possible/allowed?; OK?2could you ... ? (request softener)
Can you please explain the reason to me?
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หัวหน้าhǔua-nâaเรียกประชุมrîiak-bprà-chumด่วนdùuanเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaแจงjɛɛngรายละเอียดraai-lá-ìiatของkɔ̌ɔngโปรเจกต์bproo-jèekใหม่màiให้hâiทีมtiimเข้าใจkâo-jaiตรงกันdtrong-gan
The boss called an urgent meeting to explain the details of the new project so the team would have a common understanding.
เขาkǎoพยายามpá-yaa-yaamแจงjɛɛngให้hâiแฟนสาวfɛɛn-sǎaoฟังfangว่าwâaทำไมtam-maiเมื่อคืนmʉ̂ʉa-kʉʉnถึงtʉ̌ngกลับบ้านดึกglàp-bâan-dʉ̀k
He tried to explain clearly to his girlfriend why he came home late last night.
โฆษกkoo-sòkบริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maaแจงjɛɛngถึงtʉ̌ngสาเหตุsǎa-hèetที่tîiต้องมีdtɔ̂ng-miiการปรับโครงสร้างองค์กรgaan-bpràp-kroong-sâang-ong-gɔɔnซึ่งsʉ̂ngส่งผลกระทบต่อsòng-pǒn-grà-tóp-dtɔ̀ɔพนักงานpá-nák-ngaanจำนวนมากjam-nuuan-mâak
The company's spokesperson came out to clearly explain the reason for the organizational restructuring, which affected many employees.
2VerbB2
[to] itemize; list (points)
To present information point by point, or break down into items.
Examples
ฝ่ายบัญชีfàai-ban-chiiฝ่ายบัญชีfàai-ban-chiiaccounting departmentจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)แจงjɛɛngแจงjɛɛng1[to] explain; clarify in detail2[to] itemize; list (points)ค่าใช้จ่ายkâa-chái-jàaiค่าใช้จ่ายkâa-chái-jàai1expenses; costs2expenses (accounting)ทั้งหมดtáng-mòtทั้งหมดtáng-mòt1all; entire; whole2all; in total; completely3the whole; everythingที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerเกิดขึ้นgə̀ət-kʉ̂nเกิดขึ้นgə̀ət-kʉ̂n[to] happen; occur; arise; emerge; come into beingในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ไตรมาสนี้dtrai-mâat-níiไตรมาสนี้dtrai-mâat-níi1this quarter (current three-month period)2in this quarterให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)ที่ประชุมtîi-bprà-chumที่ประชุมtîi-bprà-chum1meeting; conference (event)2meeting venue/room3the assembly; the bodyทราบsâapทราบsâap1[to] know; be aware (polite/formal)2[to] learn; be informed (polite/formal)
The accounting department will present a point-by-point breakdown of all expenses incurred this quarter to the meeting.
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คุณแม่kun-mɛ̂ɛกำลังgam-langแจงjɛɛngรายการraai-gaanของkɔ̌ɔngที่tîiต้องdtɔ̂ngซื้อsʉ́ʉจากjàakซูเปอร์มาร์เก็ตsuu-bpəə-maa-gèt
Mom is listing out the items that need to be bought from the supermarket.
ตำรวจdtam-rùuatขอให้kɔ̌ɔ-hâiพยานpá-yaanช่วยchûuaiแจงjɛɛngลำดับเหตุการณ์lam-dàp-hèet-gaanที่tîiเกิดขึ้นgə̀ət-kʉ̂nทั้งหมดtáng-mòtอย่างละเอียดyàang-lá-ìiat
The police asked the witness to help break down the sequence of all events that occurred in detail.
ผู้จัดการโครงการpûu-jàt-gaan-kroong-gaanต้องdtɔ̂ngแจงjɛɛngรายการraai-gaanความเสี่ยงkwaam-sìiangที่tîiอาจàatเกิดขึ้นgə̀ət-kʉ̂nพร้อมทั้งprɔ́ɔm-tángแนวทางnɛɛo-taangการป้องกันgaan-bpɔ̂ng-ganให้hâiคณะกรรมการká-ná-gam-má-gaanพิจารณาpí-jaa-rá-naa
The project manager has to break down the potential risks point by point, along with mitigation plans, for the committee's consideration.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ง, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
jɛɛng
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |