อุปาทิ
ù-bpaa-tíMeaning
1NounC2
substratum of existence; defilement
the substratum of existence, specifically referring to the aggregates of body and mind, defilements, or attachment (used in Buddhist philosophy)
Examples
ในทางnai-taangในทางnai-taangin terms of; in the field/aspect of [sth]พุทธศาสนาpút-tá-sàat-sà-nǎaพุทธศาสนาpút-tá-sàat-sà-nǎaBuddhismการยึดติดgaan-yʉ́t-dtìtการยึดติดgaan-yʉ́t-dtìt1attachment; clinging (mental/emotional)2adhesion; sticking (physical)3fixation; obsessionในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)อุปาทิù-bpaa-tíอุปาทิù-bpaa-tísubstratum of existence; defilementถือtʉ̌ʉถือtʉ̌ʉ1[to] hold; carry (by hand)2[to] regard; consider; deem3[to] observe; keep (rules, precepts, fast)4[to] be strict/particular about5[to] hold; possess (assets or rights)เป็นต้นเหตุbpen-dtôn-hèetเป็นต้นเหตุbpen-dtôn-hèet[to] be the cause [of sth]แห่งhɛ̀ngแห่งhɛ̀ng1of; belonging to (formal)2classifier: places/institutions3place; location (formal)ความทุกข์kwaam-túkความทุกข์kwaam-túk1suffering; distress2hardship; adversity3dukkha; suffering; unsatisfactoriness (Buddhism)ทั้งปวงtáng-bpuuangทั้งปวงtáng-bpuuang1all; entire (formal/literary)2all (of them); everyone/everything (formal)
In Buddhism, clinging to the substratum of existence (upadhi) is considered the root cause of all suffering.
3 more examplesShow less
การหลุดพ้นgaan-lùt-pónที่แท้จริงtîi-tɛ́ɛ-jingต้องdtɔ̂ngอาศัยaa-sǎiการทำลายgaan-tam-laaiอุปาทิù-bpaa-tíเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiมีmiiกิเลสgì-lèetหรือrʉ̌ʉความยึดมั่นถือมั่นkwaam-yʉ́t-mân-tʉ̌ʉ-mânหลงเหลืออยู่lǒng-lʉ̌ʉa-yùu
True liberation requires the destruction of upadhi, so that no defilements or attachments remain.
พระภิกษุprá-pík-sùท่านtânเทศนาtêet-sà-naaเกี่ยวกับgìiao-gàpสภาวะsà-paa-wáนิพพานníp-paanซึ่งsʉ̂ngเป็นbpenสภาวะsà-paa-wáที่tîiอุปาทิù-bpaa-tíหรือrʉ̌ʉเบญจขันธ์been-jà-kǎnดับสูญdàp-sǔunไปbpaiอย่างสิ้นเชิงyàang-sîn-chəəng
The monk preached about the state of Nirvana, which is a state where the substratum of existence or the five aggregates is completely extinguished.
ตามdtaamคัมภีร์kam-peeทางtaangพระพุทธศาสนาprá-pút-tá-sàat-sà-năaพระอรหันต์prá o-rá-hănคือkeuผู้ที่pôo têeละláสิ้นsînแล้วláeoซึ่งsêungอุปาทิù-bpaa-tíอันเป็นan bpenเชื้อchéuuaแห่งhàengภพpópทำให้tam hâiสามารถsăa-mâatตัดdtàtวงจรwong jonแห่งhàengสังสารวัฏsǎng-săa-rá-wátได้dâiอย่างเด็ดขาดyàang dèt-kàat
According to Buddhist scriptures, an enlightened one is someone who has completely relinquished upadhi, the fuel of existence, thereby decisively cutting off the cycle of rebirth.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
3 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
ù
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |