รวมถึง
ruuam-tʉ̌ngMeanings
1PrepositionA2
including; as well as
used to add items or examples to what has been mentioned.
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ชอบchɔ̂ɔpชอบchɔ̂ɔp1[to] like; be fond of2tend to; usually3be proper; be fitting (formal)กินginกินgin1[to] eat2[to] drink (colloquial/with some nouns)3[to] take medicine (colloquial)4[to] consume; use up5[to] corrode; erode; eat into6[to] take (a bribe); pocketผลไม้pǒn-lá-máaiผลไม้pǒn-lá-máaifruitรวมถึงruuam-tʉ̌ngรวมถึงruuam-tʉ̌ng1including; as well as2[to] include; cover; extend toแอปเปิ้ลɛ́p-bpə̂nแอปเปิ้ลɛ́p-bpə̂n1apple (fruit)2Apple (tech company)
I like to eat fruit, including apples.
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ที่tîiสวนสัตว์sǔuan-sàtมีmiiสัตว์sàtหลายชนิดlǎai-chá-nítรวมถึงruuam-tʉ̌ngช้างcháangสิงโตsǐng-dtooและlɛ́ยีราฟyii-râap
There are many kinds of animals at the zoo, including elephants, lions, and giraffes.
เขาkǎoทำtamอาหารไทยaa-hǎan-taiได้dâaiหลายอย่างlǎai-yàangรวมถึงruuam-tʉ̌ngต้มยำกุ้งdtôm-yam-gûngและlɛ́ผัดไทยpàt-tai
He can cook many Thai dishes, including Tom Yum Goong and Pad Thai.
นักเรียนnák-riianหลายคนlǎai-konเข้าร่วมkâo-rûuamกิจกรรมgìt-jà-gamในnaiวันกีฬาwan-gii-laaสีsǐiรวมถึงruuam-tʉ̌ngนักเรียนnák-riianจากjàakห้องhɔ̂ngมัธยมศึกษาปีที่หกmát-tá-yom-sʉ̀k-sǎa-bpii-tîi-hòk1ด้วยdûuai
Many students participated in the sports day activities, including the students from class M.6/1.
2VerbB1
[to] include; cover; extend to
to have something as part of a whole; to also involve or apply to something.
Examples
ราคาraa-kaaราคาraa-kaa1price; cost2[to] cost; [to be] priced atนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)รวมถึงruuam-tʉ̌ngรวมถึงruuam-tʉ̌ng1including; as well as2[to] include; cover; extend toค่าkâaค่าkâa1cost; fee; charge2value; numerical value3worth; value (abstract)4monetary value; worth5polite/friendly address particleอาหารเช้าaa-hǎan-cháaoอาหารเช้าaa-hǎan-cháaobreakfastแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)ครับkrápครับkráppolite particle (male speaker)
This price already includes breakfast.
3 more examplesShow less
ค่าkâaทัวร์tuua5,000บาทbàatต่อdtɔ̀ɔคนkonซึ่งsʉ̂ngราคาraa-kaaนี้níiจะjàรวมถึงruuam-tʉ̌ngค่าที่พักkâa-tîi-pákและlɛ́ค่าเดินทางkâa-dəən-taangทั้งหมดtáng-mòt
The tour fee is 5,000 baht per person, and this price includes all accommodation and travel costs.
ความรับผิดชอบkwaam-ráp-pìt-chɔ̂ɔpในตำแหน่งnai-dtam-nɛ̀ngนี้níiรวมถึงruuam-tʉ̌ngการดูแลgaan-duu-lɛɛทีมงานtiim-ngaanและlɛ́การวางแผนgaan-waang-pɛ̌ɛnงบประมาณngóp-bprà-maan
The responsibilities for this position include managing a team and planning the budget.
นโยบายná-yoo-baaiใหม่màiนี้níiจะjàมีผลกระทบmii-pǒn-grà-tópต่อdtɔ̀ɔทุกคนtúk-konที่tîiอาศัยอยู่aa-sǎi-yùuในประเทศnai-bprà-têetรวมถึงruuam-tʉ̌ngชาวต่างชาติchaao-dtàang-châatที่tîiมีmiiใบอนุญาตทำงานbai-à-nú-yâat-tam-ngaan
This new policy will affect everyone living in the country, also applying to foreigners with work permits.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ม, a sonorant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
ruuam
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
รวมruuamรวมruuam1[to] include; contain2[to] gather; combine; consolidate3total; sum; aggregate4in total; altogether; overall5combined; total; overall[to] include; containPart 1
+
รวมถึงruuam-tʉ̌ngรวมถึงruuam-tʉ̌ngincluding; as well asincluding; as well asWord