ทวด
tûuatMeanings
1NounA2
great-grandparent
the parent of your grandparent; great-grandfather or great-grandmother.
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ไปไหว้bpai-wâiไปไหว้bpai-wâi[to] go pay respects; go make offeringsทวดtûuatทวดtûuat1great-grandparent2great- (in great-grandparent terms)ที่บ้านtîi-bâanที่บ้านtîi-bâan1at home; at one’s residence2one’s family; people at homeต่างจังหวัดdtàang-jang-wàtต่างจังหวัดdtàang-jang-wàt1upcountry; outside the capital2provincial; out-of-town
I went to pay respects to my great-grandparent upcountry.
3 more examplesShow less
When I was a child, I used to sit and listen to my great-grandparent tell bedtime stories.
Tomorrow we will visit our great-grandparent at the hospital with Mom.
รูปถ่ายrûup-tàaiเก่าgàoบนbonผนังpà-nǎngคือkʉʉทวดtûuatของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnผู้pûuย้ายถิ่นฐานyáai-tìn-tǎanมาmaaเริ่มrə̂əmชีวิตใหม่chii-wít-màiในเมืองnai-mʉʉangนี้níi
The old photo on the wall is my great-grandparent, who migrated to start a new life in this city.
2NounB1
great- (in great-grandparent terms)
A kinship element placed after a grandparent term to indicate one generation further back, as in ปู่ทวดปู่ทวดbpùu-tûuatgreat-grandfather (paternal line) ‘great-grandfather’.
Examples
แม่mɛ̂ɛแม่mɛ̂ɛ1mother; mom2form of address for a woman (traditional/familiar)3prefix: female; main; baseเรียกrîiakเรียกrîiak1[to] call [sb/sth] (by name); name2[to] call out; summon; hail3[to] ask for; charge; demandคุณปู่kun-bpùuคุณปู่kun-bpùupaternal grandfather; father's fatherของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsแม่mɛ̂ɛแม่mɛ̂ɛ1mother; mom2form of address for a woman (traditional/familiar)3prefix: female; main; baseว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeปู่ทวดbpùu-tûuatปู่ทวดbpùu-tûuatgreat-grandfather (paternal line)
Mom calls her grandfather 'pu-toot' (great-grandfather).
3 more examplesShow less
ในnaiงานngaanรวมญาติruuam-yâatฉันchǎnได้ยินdâi-yinคนพูดkon-pûutถึงtʉ̌ngย่าทวดyâa-tûuatของตระกูลkɔ̌ɔng-dtrà-guunบ่อยbɔ̀iมากmâak
At the family reunion, I often heard people talking about the family's great-grandmother on the father's side.
พ่อpɔ̂ɔเล่าlâoว่าwâaบ้านbâanของkɔ̌ɔngปู่ทวดbpùu-tûuatอยู่yùuต่างจังหวัดdtàang-jang-wàtและlɛ́ทุกคนtúk-konยังyangเรียกrîiakท่านtânด้วยdûuaiคำนำหน้าkam-nam-nâaแบบโบราณbɛ̀ɛp-boo-raan
Dad said that great-grandfather's home was upcountry, and everyone still addressed him with an old-fashioned prefix.
เวลาที่wee-laa-tîiคนเฒ่าkon-tâoเล่าlâoประวัติbprà-wàtสายสกุลsǎai-sà-gunมักmákใช้cháiคำว่าkam-wâaปู่ทวดbpùu-tûuatและlɛ́ย่าทวดyâa-tûuatเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaระบุrá-bùชั้นchánญาติyâatให้hâiชัดเจนchát-jeen
When elders recount the family lineage, they often use 'pu-toot' and 'ya-toot' to clearly specify the kinship level.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableLong vowelEnds in -ด, a stop, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
tûuat
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Long vowel → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |