ตื่น
dtʉ̀ʉnMeanings
1VerbA1
[to] wake up; awaken
To stop sleeping and become awake; to awaken from sleep.
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ตื่นdtʉ̀ʉnตื่นdtʉ̀ʉn1[to] wake up; awaken2be awake; stay awake3[to] be startled; be alarmed; get excited aboutตอนdtɔɔnตอนdtɔɔn1section; part2episode; chapter3when; at the time (of)4time segment; periodหกโมงเช้าhòk-moong-cháoหกโมงเช้าhòk-moong-cháo6 a.m. (06:00)ทุกวันtúk-wanทุกวันtúk-wan1every day; daily2daily; occurring every day
I wake up at six in the morning every day.
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He wakes up when he hears the alarm clock.
Yesterday I woke up late because it rained all night.
Tomorrow we will wake up early to get to the airport on time.
2VerbA2
be awake; stay awake
To be or remain in a state of not sleeping; awake.
Examples
ตอนนี้dtɔɔn-níiตอนนี้dtɔɔn-níi1now; at the moment2this time/this moment (time noun)ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)ตื่นdtʉ̀ʉnตื่นdtʉ̀ʉn1[to] wake up; awaken2be awake; stay awake3[to] be startled; be alarmed; get excited aboutอยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ง่วงngûuangง่วงngûuangsleepy; drowsyเลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceed
I’m still awake now, not sleepy at all.
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เมื่อคืนmʉ̂ʉa-kʉʉnฉันchǎnต้องdtɔ̂ngตื่นdtʉ̀ʉnอยู่yùuจนดึกjon-dʉ̀kเพราะprɔ́ต้องdtɔ̂ngเฝ้าดูfâo-duuแลlɛɛลูกlûuk
Last night I had to stay awake until late because I had to look after my child.
พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiฉันchǎnคงkongต้องdtɔ̂ngตื่นdtʉ̀ʉnอยู่yùuทั้งคืนtáng-kʉʉnถ้าtâaต้องdtɔ̂ngนั่งnângเครื่องบินkrʉ̂ʉang-binนานnaan
Tomorrow I’ll probably have to stay awake all night if I have a long flight.
เขาkăoพยายามpà-yaa-yaamตื่นdtèuunตลอดdtà-lòtการประชุมgaan bprà-chumแม้máeจะjàเหนื่อยมากnèuua-i mâakแต่ยังdtàe yangตั้งใจdtâng jaiฟังfangทุกtúkประเด็นbprà-den
He tried to remain awake throughout the meeting; even though he was very tired, he still paid attention to every point.
3VerbB1
[to] be startled; be alarmed; get excited about
To react with fright, alarm, or excitement to something, as in ม้าตื่น ‘the horse is spooked’ or ตื่นข่าว ‘get alarmed by news’.
Examples
เด็กdèkเด็กdèk1child; kid2young person (informal)ตื่นกลัวdtʉ̀ʉn-gluuaตื่นกลัวdtʉ̀ʉn-gluua[to] panic; [to] be frightened; [to] be alarmedเสียงฟ้าร้องsǐiang-fáa-rɔ́ɔngเสียงฟ้าร้องsǐiang-fáa-rɔ́ɔngthunder; sound of thunderทันทีที่tan-tii-tîiทันทีที่tan-tii-tîias soon as; once; the moment thatได้ยินdâi-yinได้ยินdâi-yin1[to] hear2[to] hear of; be told; learn (by hearing)
The child became frightened at the sound of thunder as soon as he heard it.
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When he saw the celebrity in person, he became so excited that he couldn’t speak.
ได้ข่าวdâi kàaoแผ่นดินไหวpàen-din wăiเล็กlékๆ-คนkonในnaiตึกdtèukก็gâwตื่นตกใจdtèun dtòk jaiรีบrêepออกมาòk maaที่têeลานlaan
Hearing news of a small earthquake, people in the building became alarmed and hurried out to the courtyard.
นักลงทุนnák-long-tunตื่นdtʉ̀ʉnข่าวลือkàao-lʉʉจนjonขายkǎaiหุ้นhûnกันganระเนระนาดrá-nee-rá-nâatแม้mɛ́ɛข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunจริงjingยังไม่ชัดเจนyang-mâi-chát-jeen
Investors got spooked by rumors and sold off stocks en masse, even though the actual information was unclear.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
dtʉ̀ʉn
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + Mai ek → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |