กึ่ง
gʉ̀ngMeanings
1AdjectiveB1
half; semi-
half-; semi-; used before a word to show a partial or halfway state (e.g., semi-, half-)
Examples
เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเปิดbpèrtเปิดbpèrt1[to] open; uncover; unwrap2[to] turn on; switch on3[to] start; launch; open for business4[to] put on; play (music or video)คาเฟ่kaa-fêhคาเฟ่kaa-fêhcafé; coffee shopกึ่งgèungกึ่งgèung1half; semi-2partly; halfway; somewhatร้านหนังสือráan năng-sĕuร้านหนังสือráan năng-sĕubookstore; bookshopให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)นั่งnângนั่งnâng1[to] sit; sit down2[to] take; ride [sth] (vehicle)อ่านàanอ่านàan1[to] read2[to] read aloud; pronounce3[to] interpret; make sense of4[to] read data (computing)สบายsà-baaiสบายsà-baai1comfortable; at ease2well; fine (health/state)3[to] be comfortable; feel at ease4easy; effortlessๆ-
He opened a semi-bookstore café where people can sit and read comfortably.
3 more examplesShow less
งานngaanนี้níiเป็นbpenกึ่งgʉ̀ngอาสาaa-sǎaกึ่งgʉ̀ngจ้างjâangจึงjʉngมีmiiค่าตอบแทนkâa-dtɔ̀ɔp-tɛɛnเล็กน้อยlék-nɔ́ɔi
This job is semi-volunteer, semi-paid, so there is a small compensation.
ละครlá-kɔɔnเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangนี้níiเป็นbpenกึ่งgʉ̀ngชีวประวัติchii-wá-bprà-wàtผู้เขียนpûu-kǐianดัดแปลงdàt-bplɛɛngจากjàakประสบการณ์bprà-sòp-gaanจริงjing
This play is semi-biographical; the writer adapted it from real experiences.
ทางtaangการประกาศgaan-bprà-gàatมาตรการmâat-dtrà-gaanกึ่งgʉ̀ngล็อกดาวน์lɔ́k-daaoเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaชะลอchá-lɔɔการระบาดgaan-rá-bàatโดยdooiยังyangให้hâiเศรษฐกิจsèet-tà-gìtเดินdəənต่อdtɔ̀ɔ
The authorities announced semi-lockdown measures to slow the outbreak while keeping the economy going.
2AdverbB2
partly; halfway; somewhat
to a partial extent; used as an adverb to mean partly or halfway
Examples
เรื่องrʉ̂ʉangเรื่องrʉ̂ʉang1matter; issue; subject2story; tale3classifier for stories/films/cases4about; regarding (as a topic marker)นี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)เห็นด้วยhěn-dûuaiเห็นด้วยhěn-dûuai1[to] agree (with [sb]/[sth])2agreed; I agreeกึ่งgʉ̀ngกึ่งgʉ̀ng1half; semi-2partly; halfway; somewhatไม่เห็นด้วยmâi-hěn-dûuaiไม่เห็นด้วยmâi-hěn-dûuai1[to] disagree; [to] object2opposed; dissentingเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)5to; towardมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoข้อสงสัยkɔ̂ɔ-sǒng-sǎiข้อสงสัยkɔ̂ɔ-sǒng-sǎi1question; query; point of doubt2suspicion; doubtอยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remain
I partly agree and partly disagree with this issue because I still have doubts.
3 more examplesShow less
เขาkǎoยิ้มyímกึ่งฝืนgʉ̀ng-fʉ̌ʉnกึ่งgʉ̀ngจริงใจjing-jaiเหมือนmʉ̌ʉanยังyangตัดสินใจไม่ได้dtàt-sǐn-jai-mâi-dâai
He smiled partly forced and partly sincere, as if he still couldn’t decide.
คำขอโทษkam-kɔ̌ɔ-tôotของkɔ̌ɔngเธอtəəดูเป็นduu-bpenกึ่งgʉ̀ngคำแก้ตัวkam-gɛ̂ɛ-dtuuaทำให้tam-hâiหลายคนlǎai-konยังyangไม่mâiคลายklaaiความไม่พอใจkwaam-mâi-pɔɔ-jai
Her apology seemed partly an excuse, causing many people to remain dissatisfied.
เราraoประชุมbprà-chumกันganแบบbɛ̀ɛpกึ่งgʉ̀ngไม่เป็นทางการmâi-bpen-taang-gaanเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaแลกเปลี่ยนlɛ̂ɛk-bplìianความเห็นkwaam-hěnก่อนgɔ̀ɔnตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jaiจริงjing
We met in a partly informal way to exchange views before making an actual decision.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
gʉ̀ng
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + Mai ek → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |