หนหลัง
hǒn-lǎngMeanings
1NounB1
the past; former times
the past; former times; previous occasions
Examples
ปู่bpùuปู่bpùu1paternal grandfather2grandfather (respect term)3ancestor spirit (folk belief)ชอบchɔ̂ɔpชอบchɔ̂ɔp1[to] like; be fond of2tend to; usually3be proper; be fitting (formal)เล่าเรื่องlâo-rʉ̂ʉangเล่าเรื่องlâo-rʉ̂ʉang[to] tell a story; recount; narrateหนหลังhǒn-lǎngหนหลังhǒn-lǎng1the past; former times2in the past; previouslyให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)พวกเราpûuak-raoพวกเราpûuak-rao1we; us2our group; our sideฟังfangฟังfang1listen2heed3[to] sound; seem (to the ear)เสมอsà-mə̌əเสมอsà-mə̌ə1always; invariably2equal; level; even3[to] draw; [to] tie
Grandpa always likes to tell us stories of the past.
3 more examplesShow less
When I think about the past, I can't help but smile.
เขาkǎoอยากyàakกลับไปglàp-bpaiแก้ไขgɛ̂ɛ-kǎiความผิดพลาดkwaam-pìt-plâatในnaiหนหลังhǒn-lǎngแต่dtɛ̀ɛก็gɔ̂รู้rúuว่าwâaเป็นไปไม่ได้bpen-bpai-mâi-dâai
He wants to go back and fix his mistakes in the past, but he knows it's impossible.
ประสบการณ์bprà-sòp-gaanหนหลังhǒn-lǎngสอนsɔ̌ɔnให้hâiเขาkǎoเป็นbpenคนkonรอบคอบrɔ̂ɔp-kɔ̂ɔpมากขึ้นmâak-kʉ̂nในnaiการตัดสินใจgaan-dtàt-sǐn-jai
Past experiences taught him to be more careful in making decisions.
2AdverbB1
in the past; previously
in the past; previously; formerly
Examples
หนหลังhǒn-lǎngหนหลังhǒn-lǎng1the past; former times2in the past; previouslyที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; she; him; her2they; them (context-dependent)3horn4mountain; hillมาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerเที่ยวtîiaoเที่ยวtîiao1[to] go out; hang out; travel for leisure; go clubbing2time; round (classifier)3[to] make the rounds; visit around4trip; journey; runเมืองไทยmʉʉang-taiเมืองไทยmʉʉang-taiThailand (country)เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; she; him; her2they; them (context-dependent)3horn4mountain; hillพักpákพักpák1[to] rest; take a break2[to] stay; lodge3[to] pause; put [sth] on hold4interval; stretch; spellที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerโรงแรมroong-rɛɛmโรงแรมroong-rɛɛmhotel; lodging establishmentนี้níiนี้níi1this2this one
The last time he visited Thailand, he stayed at this hotel.
3 more examplesShow less
หนhǒnหลังเขาlǎng-kǎoปฏิเสธbpà-dtì-sèetข้อเสนอkɔ̂ɔ-sà-nə̌əของเราkɔ̌ɔng-raoไปแล้วbpai-lɛ́ɛoครั้งนี้kráng-níiเราraoต้องdtɔ̂ngเตรียมตัวdtriiam-dtuuaให้ดีhâi-diiขึ้นkʉ̂n
Previously he rejected our offer; this time we must prepare better.
ฉันchǎnจำได้jam-dâaiว่าwâaหนหลังhǒn-lǎngที่tîiคุณkunมาประชุมmaa-bprà-chumคุณkunเสนอไอเดียsà-nə̌ə-ai-diiaนี้níiไปแล้วbpai-lɛ́ɛo
I remember that previously when you came to the meeting, you already proposed this idea.
หนhǒnหลังเขาlǎng-kǎoเคยkəəiรับปากráp-bpàakว่าwâaจะjàช่วยchûuaiเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangเงินทุนngən-tunแต่dtɛ̀ɛสุดท้ายsùt-táaiก็gɔ̂เงียบหายไปngîiap-hǎai-bpai
Previously, he promised to help with the funding, but in the end, he disappeared quietly.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
hǒn
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
+
หลังlǎngหลังlǎng1back (of body)2rear; back (part)3behind; at the back of4after; later than5CL: bed; bed-like platform6CL: building; house; structureback (of body)Part 2
หนหลังhǒn-lǎngหนหลังhǒn-lǎngthe past; former timesthe past; former timesWord