มะขูด
má-kùutMeaning
1NounB2
makrut lime (Northern Thai)
A Northern Thai name for the makrut lime (Citrus hystrix), a citrus tree with aromatic leaves and knobbly-skinned fruit, or for its fruit.
Examples
ยายyaaiยายyaai1grandmother (maternal)2old woman (informal; can be rude)เรียกrîiakเรียกrîiak1[to] call [sb/sth] (by name); name2[to] call out; summon; hail3[to] ask for; charge; demand4[to] draw attention; bring out a reactionมะกรูดmá-grùutมะกรูดmá-grùutkaffir lime (tree/fruit/leaves)ว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeมะขูดmá-kùutมะขูดmá-kùutmakrut lime (Northern Thai)ตามdtaamตามdtaam1[to] follow; go after2according to; in accordance with3after; behind; in pursuit of4[to] comply with; abide by; obey5along; along (a path); following (direction)6[to] send for; fetch [sb]7[to] light; kindle (literary)ภาษาเหนือpaa-sǎa-nʉ̌ʉaภาษาเหนือpaa-sǎa-nʉ̌ʉaNorthern Thai language (Kham Mueang/คำเมือง)และlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)ชอบchɔ̂ɔpชอบchɔ̂ɔp1[to] like; be fond of2tend to; usually3be proper; be fitting (formal)เอาaoเอาao1[to] take; get; pick2[to] want (request/ordering)3[to] use; employ4[to] bring/take (for use)5marker: adverse consequence6come on; all right; go ahead7[to] have sex (vulgar slang)8keep on (doing); on and on (V + เอา ๆ)ใบbaiใบbai1leaf2sheet; slip; card; ticket; bill; receipt3classifier for leaves, paper items, containers, and certain other objects4license; permit; certificate5bladeมาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerใส่sàiใส่sài1[to] put in; [to] add2[to] wear; [to] put on3[to] include; [to] insert (data, settings)4[to] attack; [to] go at (colloq.)แกงgɛɛngแกงgɛɛng1Thai curry (soup/stew)2[to] make curry; cook a curry dish3classifier: อย่างให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)หอมhɔ̌ɔmหอมhɔ̌ɔm1fragrant; pleasantly scented2[to] smell nice; be fragrant3[to] give [sb] a sniffing kiss4onion; shallot; spring onion
Grandma calls makrut lime “ma khut” in Northern Thai and likes adding its leaves to curries for their fragrance.
3 more examplesShow less
บ้านbâanยายyaaiที่tîiเชียงใหม่chiiang-màiมีmiiต้นdtônมะขูดmá-kùutอยู่yùuหลังlǎngครัวkruuaเราraoจึงjʉngมีmiiใบbaiสดsòtใช้cháiทำอาหารtam-aa-hǎanเสมอsà-mə̌ə
There is a makrut lime tree behind the kitchen at Grandma’s house in Chiang Mai, so we always have fresh leaves for cooking.
แม่mɛ̂ɛเด็ดใบdèt-baiมะขูดmá-kùutจากjàakต้นdtônข้างบ้านkâang-bâanมาmaaฉีกchìikใส่sàiต้มยำdtôm-yamเพราะprɔ́น้ำมันหอมระเหยnám-man-hɔ̌ɔm-rá-hə̌əiในnaiใบbaiช่วยให้chûuai-hâiน้ำแกงnáam-gɛɛngมีกลิ่นหอมmii-glìn-hɔ̌ɔmขึ้นkʉ̂n
Mom picks makrut lime leaves from the tree beside the house and tears them into the tom yum, because the essential oils in the leaves make the broth more fragrant.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableShort vowelA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
má
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Short vowel → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
มะmáมะmá1come on; please (urge/invite)2hey!; come! (call attention)3fruit-name prefix (bound)come on; please (urge/invite)Part 1
+
ขูดkùutขูดkùut1[to] scrape; scratch off2[to] grate (food)3[to] rub/graze against[to] scrape; scratch offPart 2
มะขูดmá-kùutมะขูดmá-kùutmakrut lime (Northern Thai)makrut lime (Northern Thai)Word