ทุกขะ
túk-kàMeaning
1NounC1
suffering; hardship; affliction (formal)
A state of suffering, pain, or hardship; affliction. (A formal, literary, or religious term derived from Pali/Sanskrit, often used in Buddhist contexts).
Examples
พระพุทธเจ้าprá-pút-tá-jâaoพระพุทธเจ้าprá-pút-tá-jâaothe Buddha; the Enlightened Oneสอนsɔ̌ɔnสอนsɔ̌ɔn1[to] teach [sb] [sth]2[to] instruct; train [sb]3[to] admonish; give moral guidanceว่าการwâa-gaanว่าการwâa-gaan[to] administer; direct official affairsเกิดเป็นgə̀ət-bpenเกิดเป็นgə̀ət-bpen1[to] be born as2[to] arise as; take the form ofจุดเริ่มต้นjùt-rə̂əm-dtônจุดเริ่มต้นjùt-rə̂əm-dtônstarting point; beginningของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsทุกขะtúk-kàทุกขะtúk-kàsuffering; hardship; affliction (formal)
The Buddha taught that birth is the beginning of suffering.
3 more examplesShow less
การยึดติดgaan-yʉ́t-dtìtในnaiสิ่งที่sìng-tîiไม่เที่ยงmâi-tîiangแท้tɛ́ɛคือkʉʉบ่อเกิดbɔ̀ɔ-gə̀ətแห่งhɛ̀ngทุกขะtúk-kàทั้งปวงtáng-bpuuangตามdtaamหลักธรรมคำสอนlàk-tam-kam-sɔ̌ɔn
According to the teachings, attachment to impermanent things is the source of all hardship.
ผู้ปฏิบัติธรรมpûu-bpà-dtì-bàt-tamมุ่งหวังmûng-wǎngที่จะtîi-jàดับสิ้นdàp-sînซึ่งsʉ̂ngทุกขะtúk-kàและlɛ́บรรลุนิพพานban-lú-níp-paanอันเป็นan-bpenสภาวะsà-paa-wáแห่งhɛ̀ngความสงบkwaam-sà-ngòpสูงสุดsǔung-sùt
Dharma practitioners aim to extinguish all suffering and attain Nirvana, the state of ultimate peace.
ในnaiปรัชญาbpràt-yaaตะวันออกdtà-wan-ɔ̀ɔkหลายlǎaiแขนงkà-nɛ̌ɛngการเข้าใจgaan-kâo-jaiธรรมชาติtam-má-châatของkɔ̌ɔngทุกขะtúk-kàถือเป็นtʉ̌ʉ-bpenก้าวแรกgâao-rɛ̂ɛkสู่sùuการหลุดพ้นgaan-lùt-pón
In many Eastern philosophies, understanding the nature of affliction is considered the first step towards liberation.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableShort vowelEnds in -ก, a stop, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
túk
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Short vowel → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |