ถ่ม
tòmMeaning
1VerbB1
[to] spit out [sth]
To spit out a substance from the mouth (e.g., phlegm, betel juice), often with disapproval or to clear the mouth.
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillไอaiไอai1[to] cough2a cough3vapor; steam; fumes4vapor (scientific/technical)แล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)ถ่มเสมหะtòm-sěem-hàถ่มเสมหะtòm-sěem-hà[to] spit phlegmลงlongลงlong1[to] go down; descend2[to] get off (vehicle)3down; downstream4[to] put; apply; record5[to] decrease; go down6[to] land; alightกระดาษทิชชูgrà-dàat-tít-chuuกระดาษทิชชูgrà-dàat-tít-chuutissue paper; facial tissueจากนั้นjàak-nánจากนั้นjàak-nánafter that; then; subsequentlyก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerทิ้งtíngทิ้งtíng1[to] throw away; discard2[to] drop; let fall3[to] abandon; desert4[to] leave behind; leave (sth) behind5[to] waste; squanderทันทีtan-tiiทันทีtan-tiiimmediately; at once
He coughed and spat out phlegm into a tissue, then threw it away immediately.
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คุณตาkun-dtaaชอบchɔ̂ɔpเคี้ยวหมากkíiao-màakแล้วlɛ́ɛoถ่มtòmน้ำหมากnáam-màakลงlongกระโถนgrà-tǒonเสมอsà-mə̌ə
Grandfather likes to chew betel and spit the betel juice into a spittoon.
หลังจากlǎng-jàakบ้วนปากbûuan-bpàakเขาkǎoถ่มน้ำtòm-náamยาyaaลงlongอ่างล้างหน้าàang-láang-nâaเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiปากbpàakสะอาดsà-àat
After rinsing his mouth, he spat out the mouthwash into the sink to clean his mouth.
เจ้าหน้าที่jâao-nâa-tîiประกาศbprà-gàatห้ามถ่มเสมหะhâam-tòm-sěem-hàบนbonพื้นpʉ́ʉnสถานีsà-tǎa-niiเพราะprɔ́เสี่ยงsìiangแพร่เชื้อprɛ̂ɛ-chʉ́ʉaโรคrôok
Officials announced a ban on spitting out phlegm on the station floor because it risks spreading disease.
He spit saliva onto the ground.
เมื่อกี้mʉ̂ʉa-gîiเธอtəəรีบrîipถ่มtòmน้ำลายnáam-laaiออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maaเพราะprɔ́รสชาติขมrót-châat-kǒmมากmâak
Just now she hurriedly spat out saliva because the taste was very bitter.
The lady spat saliva into a tissue and threw it away immediately.
หมอmɔ̌ɔขอให้kɔ̌ɔ-hâiเด็กdèkถ่มtòmน้ำลายnáam-laaiลงในlong-naiถ้วยtûuaiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaตรวจdtrùuatตัวอย่างdtuua-yàang
The doctor asked the child to spit saliva into a cup for a sample test.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
tòm
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + Mai ek → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |