ดั้น
dânMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] force one's way through; [to] push through
to force one's way through; to push through; to penetrate (often used when moving through obstacles like a forest or clouds)
Examples
พวกเขาpûuak-kǎoพวกเขาpûuak-kǎothey; them (people)ต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toดั้นdânดั้นdân1[to] force one's way through; [to] push through2type of Thai verseป่าbpàaป่าbpàa1forest; woodland2the wild; wilderness3wild; undomesticated; uncultivatedฝ่าดงfàa-dongฝ่าดงfàa-dong[to] go through a jungle; [to] traverse a thicketเข้าไปkâo-bpaiเข้าไปkâo-bpai1[to] go in; enter (away from the speaker)2directional complement: into; in (away from speaker)เพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofหาhǎaหาhǎa1[to] look for; search for2[to] find (after searching)3huh?; what? (informal)4[to] get; procure5[to] earn (money); make a living6[to] visit; go see7[to] seek out; contactน้ำตกnáam-dtòkน้ำตกnáam-dtòk1waterfall2nam tok; spicy grilled-meat salad; blood-enriched noodle soupที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerซ่อนอยู่sɔ̂ɔn-yùuซ่อนอยู่sɔ̂ɔn-yùu1[to] be hidden; be concealed2[to] be latent/underlying (figurative)
They had to force their way through the forest and jungle to find the hidden waterfall.
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นกอินทรีnók-in-siiบินbinดั้นdânเมฆmêekขึ้นไปkʉ̂n-bpaiบนbonท้องฟ้าtɔ́ɔng-fáaอย่างyàangสง่างามsà-ngàa-ngaam
The eagle flew gracefully, penetrating the clouds high up in the sky.
เขาkǎoอุตส่าห์ùt-sàaดั้นdânด้นdônเดินทางมาdəən-taang-maaไกลglaiจากjàakต่างจังหวัดdtàang-jang-wàtเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaมาmaaสอบเข้าsɔ̀ɔp-kâoมหาวิทยาลัยmá-hǎa-wít-tá-yaa-lai
He took the trouble to push his way through a long journey from the provinces to take the university entrance exam.
คณะká-náนักสำรวจnák-sǎm-rùuatต้องdtɔ̂ngดั้นdânป่าbpàaฝ่าดงfàa-dongทากtâakเป็นเวลาbpen-wee-laaหลายlǎaiวันwanกว่าจะgwàa-jàถึงtʉ̌ngยอดเขาyɔ̂ɔt-kǎo
The expedition team had to force their way through the forest and brave the leeches for several days before reaching the mountain peak.
2NounC2
type of Thai verse
a type of traditional Thai poetic form or verse
Examples
โคลงkloongโคลงkloong1[to] sway; rock2khlong; Thai verse formดั้นdânดั้นdân1[to] force one's way through; [to] push through2type of Thai verseเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)ฉันทลักษณ์chǎn-tá-lákฉันทลักษณ์chǎn-tá-lákprosody; metrical formไทยtaiไทยtai1Thai (language)2Thai; of Thailand3Thai personที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerแต่งdtɛ̀ngแต่งdtɛ̀ng1[to] dress; get dressed2[to] marry (colloquial)3[to] decorate; adorn4[to] compose; write5[to] modify; tune; customize6[to] arrange; set; styleยากyâakยากyâak1difficult; hard2unlikely; hard to imagine happening3poor; impoverished (dated/formal)กว่าgwàaกว่าgwàa1than (comparative marker)2more than; overโคลงสี่สุภาพkloong-sìi-sù-pâapโคลงสี่สุภาพkloong-sìi-sù-pâapclassical Thai verse form with four linesมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
Khlong Dan is a Thai poetic form that is much more difficult to compose than Khlong Si Suphap.
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ในnaiวรรณคดีwan-ná-ká-diiสมัยอยุธยาsà-mǎi-à-yút-tá-yaaตอนต้นdtɔɔn-dtônกวีgà-wiiมักmákประพันธ์bprà-panวรรณกรรมwan-ná-gamด้วยdûuaiรูปแบบrûup-bɛ̀ɛpของkɔ̌ɔngโคลงkloongดั้นdân
In early Ayutthaya literature, poets often composed literary works using the Khlong Dan form.
การสัมผัสgaan-sǎm-pàtคำkamในnaiกลอนglɔɔnดั้นdânมีmiiลักษณะเฉพาะตัวlák-sà-ná-chà-pɔ́-dtuuaที่tîiแตกต่างdtɛ̀ɛk-dtàangไปbpaiจากjàakกลอนตลาดglɔɔn-dtà-làatทั่วไปtûua-bpaiอย่างเห็นได้ชัดyàang-hěn-dâai-chát
The rhyming scheme in Glon Dan has a unique characteristic that clearly differs from general popular poetry.
ลิลิตโองการแช่งน้ำlí-lít-oong-gaan-chɛ̂ɛng-náamถือเป็นtʉ̌ʉ-bpenวรรณคดีwan-ná-ká-diiชิ้นเอกchín-èekที่tîiประพันธ์ขึ้นbprà-pan-kʉ̂nด้วยdûuaiร่ายrâaiดั้นdânสลับsà-làpกับgàpโคลงkloongดั้นdânบาทbàatกุญชรgun-chɔɔnได้dâaiอย่างyàangวิจิตรตระการตาwí-jìt-dtrà-gaan-dtaa
Lilit Ongkan Chaeng Nam is considered a masterpiece of literature, exquisitely composed using Rai Dan alternating with Khlong Dan Bat Kunchon.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Falling tone
dân
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Mid class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |