ค้อม
kɔ́ɔmMeanings
1VerbB1
[to] bow slightly; incline forward; stoop
to bend the head or upper body forward slightly, often as a sign of respect or greeting (e.g., ค้อมหัวให้ผู้ใหญ่, ค้อมตัวไหว้).
Examples
นักเรียนnák-riianนักเรียนnák-riianschool student; pupilค้อมkɔ́ɔmค้อมkɔ́ɔm1[to] bow slightly; incline forward; stoop2stooped; bent forwardหัวhǔuaหัวhǔua1head (body part)2top; end; tip3leader; chief; head4mind; mentality; way of thinking5classifier: head-like items; bulbs; heads of nails/pins6header; title; headline7beginning; initial part8[to] laugh (Isan; archaic in standard Thai)ทำความเคารพtam-kwaam-kao-rópทำความเคารพtam-kwaam-kao-róp[to] show respect; [to] saluteคุณครูkun-kruuคุณครูkun-kruu1teacher (polite/honorific)2Teacher (respectful title or address)
The student bows their head to pay respect to the teacher.
3 more examplesShow less
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเดินผ่านdəən-pàanผู้ใหญ่pûu-yàiเราraoควรkuuanค้อมkɔ́ɔmตัวdtuuaลงlongเล็กน้อยlék-nɔ́ɔiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaแสดงsà-dɛɛngความนับถือkwaam-náp-tʉ̌ʉ
When walking past an elder, we should bend our bodies slightly to show respect.
เขาkǎoค้อมkɔ́ɔmตัวdtuuaไหว้wâiขอบคุณkɔ̀ɔp-kunเจ้าภาพjâo-pâapสำหรับsǎm-ràpอาหารaa-hǎanมื้อค่ำmʉ́ʉ-kâm
He bowed with a 'wai' to thank the host for the dinner.
เอกอัครราชทูตèk-àk-ká-rá-râat-chá-tôotค้อมkómศีรษะsĕe-sàเล็กน้อยlék nóiเพื่อpêuuaเป็นbpenการทักทายgaan ták-taaiประธานาธิบดีbprà-taa-naa-tí-bor-deeตามธรรมเนียมdtaam tam-niiamการทูตgaan tôot
The ambassador slightly bowed his head to greet the president in accordance with diplomatic protocol.
2AdjectiveB1
stooped; bent forward
with the head, shoulders, or upper body bent forward slightly; slightly hunched.
Examples
คุณตาkun-dtaaคุณตาkun-dtaa1grandfather (maternal)2elderly man (polite address)ของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnmy; mineแก่gɛ̀ɛแก่gɛ̀ɛ1old (age)2to; toward (recipient/affected party)3dark (color); strong (drink)4mature; fully grown; old (plant parts or produce)5for; with regard toแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)ท่านtânท่านtân1you (formal/polite)2he; she (honorific)3sir; madam4honorific title5classifier (polite for persons)จึงjʉngจึงjʉng1therefore; so; thus2only then; then (as a result)เดินdəənเดินdəən1[to] walk; go on foot2[to] proceed; go; move along3[to] run; operate (machine/system)4[to] run; operate; keep runningหลังค้อมlǎng-kɔ́ɔmหลังค้อมlǎng-kɔ́ɔmstooped; bent-backedนิดหน่อยnít-nɔ̀iนิดหน่อยnít-nɔ̀i1a little; a bit2a small amount
My grandfather is old, so he walks a little hunched over.
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เขาkǎoนั่งnângหลังค้อมlǎng-kɔ́ɔmอยู่yùuหน้าnâaคอมพิวเตอร์kɔm-piu-dtə̂əทั้งวันtáng-wanจนjonปวดหลังbpùuat-lǎng
He sat hunched over in front of the computer all day until his back hurt.
ชายชราchaai chá-raaเดินdernหลังค้อมlăng kómไปตามbpai dtaamถนนtà-nŏnอย่างช้าๆyàang cháa cháaมือmeuuไพล่หลังplâi lăng
The old man walked slowly down the street with his back slightly hunched and his hands behind him.
ด้วยdûuaiวัยwaiที่tîiล่วงเลยlûuang-ləəiทำให้tam-hâiท่านtânต้องdtɔ̂ngเดินdəənในnaiลักษณะlák-sà-nàหลังค้อมlǎng-kɔ́ɔmแต่dtɛ̀ɛสายตาsǎai-dtaaก็gɔ̂ยังคงyang-kongเฉียบแหลมchìiap-lɛ̌ɛm
Due to his advanced age, he has to walk with a somewhat hunched posture, but his eyesight remains sharp.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
kɔ́ɔm
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + Mai tho → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |