กลั้น
glânMeanings
1VerbA2
[to] hold in; restrain (breath/tears/urine/etc.)
to hold in or restrain something such as breath, tears, laughter, or urine; not letting it out
Examples
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เมื่อวานmʉ̂ʉa-waanฉันchǎnอยากyàakหัวเราะhǔua-rɔ́มากmâakแต่dtɛ̀ɛต้องdtɔ̂ngกลั้นglânหัวเราะhǔua-rɔ́ไว้wáiในnaiห้องสมุดhɔ̂ng-sà-mùt
Yesterday I wanted to laugh a lot, but I had to hold in my laughter at the library.
He had to hold his urine on the bus for a long time because of traffic.
เธอtəəกลั้นglânน้ำตาnáam-dtaaไว้wáiจนjonจบjòpพิธีpí-tiiแล้วlɛ́ɛoค่อยkɔ̂iออกไปɔ̀ɔk-bpaiร้องไห้rɔ́ɔng-hâaiข้างนอกkâang-nɔ̂ɔk
She held back her tears until the ceremony ended, then went outside to cry.
2VerbB1
[to] suppress; stifle (feelings/impulses)
to deliberately suppress or stifle an impulse, emotion, or reaction from being expressed
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillพยายามpá-yaa-yaamพยายามpá-yaa-yaam[to] try; attemptกลั้นglânกลั้นglân1[to] hold in; restrain (breath/tears/urine/etc.)2[to] suppress; stifle (feelings/impulses)ความโกรธkwaam-gròotความโกรธkwaam-gròotanger; wrathไว้wáiไว้wái1[to] keep; save; store2[to] set aside; reserve3for later; in reserve4[to] leave (something) as is5marks retention or maintenance of a state6[to] wear; sport (hair/moustache/etc.)ตอนdtɔɔnตอนdtɔɔn1section; part2episode; chapter3when; at the time (of)4time segment; period5classifier for sections, chapters, or episodesประชุมbprà-chumประชุมbprà-chum1meeting; conference2[to] meet; hold a meetingเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiso that not; in order not to; to prevent [sth]บรรยากาศban-yaa-gàatบรรยากาศban-yaa-gàat1atmosphere; ambience2atmosphere (gaseous envelope)ตึงเครียดdtʉng-krîiatตึงเครียดdtʉng-krîiattense; strained; stressful
He tried to suppress his anger during the meeting to keep the atmosphere from becoming tense.
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เธอtəəกลั้นglânความอยากkwaam-yàakตอบโต้dtɔ̀ɔp-dtôoแล้วlɛ́ɛoเลือกlʉ̂ʉakอธิบายà-tí-baaiเหตุผลhèet-pǒnอย่างyàangสุภาพsù-pâapแทนtɛɛn
She stifled her urge to retaliate and chose to explain her reasons politely instead.
ระหว่างrá-wàangสัมภาษณ์sǎm-pâatเขาkǎoกลั้นglânความkwaamรู้สึกตื่นเต้นrúu-sʉ̀k-dtʉ̀ʉn-dtênไว้wáiและlɛ́ตอบคำถามdtɔ̀ɔp-kam-tǎamอย่างyàangใจเย็นjai-yen
During the interview, he suppressed his excitement and answered calmly.
ผู้จัดการpûu-jàt-gaanกลั้นglânปฏิกิริยาbpà-dtì-gì-rí-yaaไม่พอใจmâi-pɔɔ-jaiไว้wáiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaรักษาrák-sǎaความเป็นมืออาชีพkwaam-bpen-mʉʉ-aa-chîipต่อหน้าdtɔ̀ɔ-nâaลูกค้าlûuk-káa
The manager stifled her displeasure to maintain professionalism in front of the client.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid classConsonant clusterIn the cluster กล, the first consonant ก sets the class.
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Falling tone
glân
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Mid class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |