อิงจาก
ing-jàakMeaning
1VerbB2
[to] be based on; [to] derive from
to be based on, derived from, or referenced from a specific source or information
Examples
หนังnǎngหนังnǎng1skin; hide2leather3movie; filmเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangเรื่องrʉ̂ʉang1matter; issue; subject2story; tale3classifier for stories/films/cases4about; regarding (as a topic marker)นี้níiนี้níi1this2this oneอิงจากing-jàakอิงจากing-jàak[to] be based on; [to] derive fromเรื่องจริงrʉ̂ʉang-jingเรื่องจริงrʉ̂ʉang-jing1true story; real event2the real facts; what really happenedแต่dtɛ̀ɛแต่dtɛ̀ɛ1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)เปลี่ยนbplìianเปลี่ยนbplìian1[to] change; become different2[to] switch; replace; exchangeชื่อchʉ̂ʉชื่อchʉ̂ʉ1name2[to] be named; be called3reputation; renownของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuffตัวละครdtuua-lá-kɔɔnตัวละครdtuua-lá-kɔɔn1character (in a story, play, film, game)2player; person involved (in an event)
This movie is based on a true story, but the characters' names have been changed.
3 more examplesShow less
ฉันchǎnเขียนkǐianรายงานraai-ngaanโดยdooiอิงจากing-jàakข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunในnaiหนังสือnǎng-sʉ̌ʉที่tîiยืมyʉʉmมาจากmaa-jàakห้องสมุดhɔ̂ng-sà-mùt
I wrote the report using information from a book I borrowed from the library.
การตัดสินใจgaan-dtàt-sǐn-jaiครั้งนี้kráng-níiอิงจากing-jàakผลpǒnสำรวจความคิดเห็นsǎm-rùuat-kwaam-kít-hěnของkɔ̌ɔngพนักงานpá-nák-ngaanไม่ใช่mâi-châiเพียงpiiangความเห็นส่วนตัวkwaam-hěn-sùuan-dtuuaของkɔ̌ɔngผู้บริหารpûu-bɔɔ-rí-hǎan
This decision is based on the results of an employee opinion survey, not merely on management's personal views.
แพทย์pɛ̂ɛtเลือกlʉ̂ʉakวิธีwí-tiiรักษาrák-sǎaโดยdooiอิงจากing-jàakผลตรวจpǒn-dtrùuatและlɛ́ประวัติbprà-wàtสุขภาพsùk-kà-pâapของkɔ̌ɔngผู้ป่วยpûu-bpùuaiแทนที่จะtɛɛn-tîi-jàใช้cháiแนวทางnɛɛo-taangเดียวกันdiiao-ganกับgàpทุกคนtúk-kon
The doctor chooses a treatment based on the patient's test results and medical history rather than using the same approach for everyone.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ง, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
ing
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
อิงingอิงing1[to] lean (on/against)2[to] rely on; be based on3[to] adjoin; border on (literary)[to] lean (on/against)Part 1
+
อิงจากing-jàakอิงจากing-jàak[to] be based on; [to] derive from[to] be based on; [to] derive fromWord