สมุทัย
sà-mù-taiMeaning
1NounB2
origin of suffering; cause (Buddhism)
In Buddhism (Second Noble Truth), the origin or cause of suffering, specifically craving (ตัณหาตัณหาdtan-hǎa1craving; strong desire2craving; thirst (Buddhism)) and attachment that give rise to dukkha.
Examples
พระพุทธเจ้าprá-pút-tá-jâaoพระพุทธเจ้าprá-pút-tá-jâaothe Buddha; the Enlightened Oneสอนsɔ̌ɔnสอนsɔ̌ɔn1[to] teach [sb] [sth]2[to] instruct; train [sb]3[to] admonish; give moral guidanceว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeสมุทัยsà-mù-taiสมุทัยsà-mù-taiorigin of suffering; cause (Buddhism)หรือrʉ̌ʉหรือrʉ̌ʉ1or (choice/alternative)2or?; really? (question/finality particle)ความอยากkwaam-yàakความอยากkwaam-yàakdesire; craving; wantคือkʉʉคือkʉʉ1to be (definition/identification)2namely; that is; i.e.ต้นเหตุdtôn-hèetต้นเหตุdtôn-hèetroot cause; originของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsความทุกข์kwaam-túkความทุกข์kwaam-túk1suffering; distress2hardship; adversity3dukkha; suffering; unsatisfactoriness (Buddhism)
The Buddha taught that Samudaya, or craving, is the root cause of suffering.
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ถ้าtâaเราraoเข้าใจkâo jaiเรื่องrêuuangสมุทัยsà-mù-taiเราraoจะjàรู้rúuว่าwâaความทุกข์kwaam túkไม่ได้mâi dâaiเกิดขึ้นgèrt kêunมาmaaลอยๆloi loiแต่dtàeมีmeeสาเหตุsăa-hèt
If we understand Samudaya, we will know that suffering doesn't just arise from nowhere, but has a cause.
การgaanจะjàดับทุกข์dàp-túkได้dâaiต้องdtɔ̂ngเริ่มrə̂əmจากjàakการพิจารณาgaan-pí-jaa-rá-naaสมุทัยsà-mù-taiซึ่งsʉ̂ngก็คือgɔ̂-kʉʉตัณหาdtan-hǎaความทะยานอยากkwaam-tá-yaan-yàakในใจnai-jaiเราraoนั่นเองnân-eeng
To extinguish suffering, one must begin by contemplating Samudaya, which is precisely the craving and ambition within our own hearts.
ในnaiอริยสัจสี่à-rí-yá-sàt-sìiสมุทัยsà-mù-taiเป็นbpenสัจจะsàt-jàข้อที่สองkɔ̂ɔ-tîi-sɔ̌ɔngที่tîiชี้ให้เห็นถึงchíi-hâi-hěn-tʉ̌ngสาsǎaเหตุแห่งทุกข์hèet-hɛ̀ng-túkทั้งปวงtáng-bpuuangอันanเกิดจากgə̀ət-jàakอวิชชาà-wít-chaaและlɛ́ตัณหาdtan-hǎa
In the Four Noble Truths, Samudaya is the second truth that points to the origin of all suffering, which arises from ignorance and craving.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is สมุทัย said สะ-หมุ-ไท?
sà-mù-tai
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
3 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
sà
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |