กร้าว
grâaoMeaning
1AdjectiveB2
harsh; tough; hardline; aggressive (in attitude or policy)
Showing a hardline, harsh, or aggressive attitude; stern and unyielding in manner or policy.
Examples
น้ำเสียงnáam-sǐiangน้ำเสียงnáam-sǐiang1tone of voice; vocal tone2tone; tenor (figurative)ของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎohis; hers; theirsเริ่มrə̂əmเริ่มrə̂əm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toกร้าวgrâaoกร้าวgrâaoharsh; tough; hardline; aggressive (in attitude or policy)ขึ้นkʉ̂nขึ้นkʉ̂n1[to] go up; rise; ascend2[to] increase3[to] board; get on4result complement: upward/better5postverbal particle: onset or occurrence6[to] sprout; grow; appear7northward/up-country8waxing phase (of the moon)เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเมื่อmʉ̂ʉa1when; at the time that2at; in; on (with time expressions)คู่สนทนาkûu-sǒn-tá-naaคู่สนทนาkûu-sǒn-tá-naaconversation partnerไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ยอมรับฟังyɔɔm-ráp-fangยอมรับฟังyɔɔm-ráp-fang[to] be willing to listen [to sb/sth]เหตุผลhèet-pǒnเหตุผลhèet-pǒn1reason; justification2reasoning; rationality
His tone of voice became harsher when the other person refused to listen to reason.
3 more examplesShow less
รัฐบาลrát-tà-baanประกาศbprà-gàatท่าทีtâa-tiiที่tîiแข็งกร้าวkɛ̌ng-grâaoต่อdtɔ̀ɔผู้ก่อการร้ายpûu-gɔ̀ɔ-gaan-ráai
The government announced a hardline stance against terrorists.
ผู้นำpûu-namฝ่ายค้านfàai-káanแสดงsà-dɛɛngจุดยืนjùt-yʉʉnที่tîiแข็งกร้าวkɛ̌ng-grâaoว่าwâaจะjàไม่mâiยอมyɔɔmประนีประนอมbprà-nii-bprà-nɔɔmในnaiร่างกฎหมายrâang-gòt-mǎaiฉบับchà-bàpนี้níi
The opposition leader showed a stern, unyielding stance that he would not compromise on this bill.
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaการเจรจาgaan-jee-rá-jaaล้มเหลวlóm-lěeoท่าทีtâa-tiiของkɔ̌ɔngทั้งtángสองsɔ̌ɔngฝ่ายfàaiก็gɔ̂ดูduuกร้าวgrâaoขึ้นkʉ̂nอย่างเห็นได้ชัดyàang-hěn-dâai-chátและlɛ́พร้อมprɔ́ɔmจะjàใช้cháiมาตรmâatการตอบโต้gaan-dtɔ̀ɔp-dtôoที่tîiรุนแรงrun-rɛɛng
When negotiations failed, the attitude of both sides became noticeably more aggressive, and they were ready to use severe countermeasures.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid classConsonant clusterIn the cluster กร, the first consonant ก sets the class.
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Falling tone
grâao
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Mid class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |