ผวา
pà-wǎaMeaning
1VerbB2
[to] be startled; [to] be alarmed
to be startled or suddenly frightened, often when waking up; to be in a state of alarm or panic
Examples
เมื่อคืนmʉ̂ʉa-kʉʉnเมื่อคืนmʉ̂ʉa-kʉʉn1last night (the night before today)2last nightฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ฝันร้ายfǎn-ráaiฝันร้ายfǎn-ráai1nightmare; bad dream2[to] have a nightmare3a nightmare (figurative); extremely bad experienceเลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceedผวาpà-wǎaผวาpà-wǎa[to] be startled; [to] be alarmedตื่นขึ้นมาdtʉ̀ʉn-kʉ̂n-maaตื่นขึ้นมาdtʉ̀ʉn-kʉ̂n-maa[to] wake upกลางดึกglaang-dʉ̀kกลางดึกglaang-dʉ̀k1the middle of the night2late at night; in the small hours
I had a nightmare last night, so I woke up startled in the middle of the night.
3 more examplesShow less
เสียงsǐiangแตรdtrɛɛรถrótที่tîiดังมากdang-mâakทำให้tam-hâiเด็กน้อยdèk-nɔ́ɔiร้องไห้rɔ́ɔng-hâaiด้วยdûuaiความkwaamผวาpà-wǎa
The loud car horn made the little child cry in alarm.
เขาkăoยังคงyang kongมีmeeอาการaa-gaanผวาpà-wăaอยู่yòoแม้ว่าmáe wâaเหตุการณ์hèt gaanนั้นnánจะjàผ่านมาpàan maaหลายlăaiปีbpeeแล้วก็ตามláew gô dtaam
He still suffers from panic/alarm, even though the incident happened many years ago.
หลังจากlǎng-jàakดูduuหนังสยองขวัญnǎng-sà-yɔ̌ɔng-kwǎnจบjòpแค่kɛ̂ɛได้ยินdâi-yinเสียงsǐiangอะไรà-raiนิดหน่อยnít-nɔ̀iก็gɔ̂ทำให้tam-hâiฉันchǎnผวาpà-wǎaได้แล้วdâai-lɛ́ɛo
After finishing the horror movie, just hearing a small noise is enough to make me startled.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ผวา said ผะ-หวา?
pà-wǎa
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
pà
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |