นิยตะ
ní-yá-dtàMeaning
1AdjectiveC2
certain; definite; fixed
certain, definite, fixed, or sure (typically used in formal, literary, or Buddhist contexts)
Examples
ความตายkwaam-dtaaiความตายkwaam-dtaai1death; the end of life2death (event or figurative ‘death of’)เป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)สิ่งsìngสิ่งsìng1thing; object; entity2classifier for things; itemsนิยตะní-yá-dtàนิยตะní-yá-dtàcertain; definite; fixedประการbprà-gaanประการbprà-gaan1point; item; aspect2classifier for points/items/aspects/types3manner; way (formal)เดียวdiiaoเดียวdiiaosingle; one; only; sameที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerมนุษย์má-nútมนุษย์má-núthuman; human beingทุกคนtúk-konทุกคนtúk-koneveryone; everybodyไม่อาจmâi-àatไม่อาจmâi-àat[to be] unable to; cannotหลีกหนีlìik-nǐiหลีกหนีlìik-nǐi[to] avoid; evade; fleeพ้นpónพ้นpón1[to] get past; be beyond2[to] be free from; escape; exempt from3beyond; past (as preposition/formal particle)ได้เลยdâai-ləəiได้เลยdâai-ləəi1sure; okay; go ahead2can … right away; may … now
Death is the only certain thing that no human being can ever escape.
3 more examplesShow less
สรรพสิ่งsàp-pá-sìngในnaiโลกlôokล้วนlúuanไม่mâiเป็นbpenนิยตะní-yá-dtàมีmiiการเกิดขึ้นgaan-gə̀ət-kʉ̂nตั้งอยู่dtâng-yùuและlɛ́ดับdàpไปตามbpai-dtaamกาลเวลาgaan-wee-laa
All things in the world are not fixed; they arise, exist, and cease over time.
ผู้ที่pûu-tîiศึกษาsʉ̀k-sǎaพระธรรมprá-tamย่อมyɔ̂mตระหนักdtrà-nàkดีว่าdii-wâaลาภยศสรรเสริญlâap-yót-sǎn-sə̌ənและlɛ́ความสุขทางโลกkwaam-sùk-taang-lôokนั้นnánไม่ใช่mâi-châiสิ่งsìngนิยตะní-yá-dtàที่tîiยั่งยืนถาวรyâng-yʉʉn-tǎa-wɔɔn
Those who study the Dharma realize well that fame, praise, and worldly happiness are not definite, permanent things.
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaผู้บำเพ็ญเพียรpûu-bam-pen-piianบรรลุถึงban-lú-tʉ̌ngธรรมtamขั้นสูงkân-sǔungแล้วlɛ́ɛoจิตjìtย่อมyɔ̂mมีmiiความมั่นคงkwaam-mân-kongเป็นbpenนิยตะní-yá-dtàและlɛ́ไม่หวั่นไหวmâi-wàn-wǎiต่อdtɔ̀ɔกิเลสgì-lèetทั้งปวงtáng-bpuuang
When a practitioner attains advanced Dharma, the mind becomes definitely stable and unshakeable by all defilements.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is นิยตะ said นิ-ยะ-ตะ?
ní-yá-dtà
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
3 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableShort vowelA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
ní
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Short vowel → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |