กุณฑล
gun-tonMeaning
1NounC2
earring
an earring, especially a traditional one worn by royalty, deities, or characters in classical literature
Examples
นักnákนักnák1person engaged in [field/activity]; specialist; -er/-ist (prefix)2very; greatly; muchแสดงโขนsà-dɛɛng-kǒonแสดงโขนsà-dɛɛng-kǒon[to] perform Khon (Thai masked dance)ที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerรับบทเป็นráp-bòt-bpenรับบทเป็นráp-bòt-bpen[to] play the role of [sb/sth]; [to] act as [sb/sth]พระรามprá-raamพระรามprá-raam1Rama (epic hero)2King Rama (Thai regnal title)ต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toสวมsǔuamสวมsǔuam1[to] put on; wear (clothes, shoes, rings)2[to] slip on; fit over; sheath3[to] assume a roleกุณฑลgun-tonกุณฑลgun-tonearringประดับbprà-dàpประดับbprà-dàp1[to] decorate; adorn; embellish2ornamental; decorative; for show3[to] wear (as adornment)เพชรpétเพชรpét1diamond (gemstone)2Phet (personal name)3classifier: เม็ด4hard; unyielding; diamond-like5gem; outstanding person or thing (figurative)เพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofความสง่างามkwaam-sà-ngàa-ngaamความสง่างามkwaam-sà-ngàa-ngaam1elegance; grace2stately dignity; majesty
The Khon performer playing the role of Rama must wear diamond-adorned traditional earrings for elegance.
3 more examplesShow less
กวีgà-wiiได้dâaiบรรยายban-yaaiความงามkwaam-ngaamของkɔ̌ɔngนางในวรรณคดีnaang-nai-wan-ná-ká-diiว่าwâaพระพักตร์prá-pákผุดผ่องpùt-pɔ̀ngดั่งdàngบุหลันbù-lǎnและlɛ́มีmiiกุณฑลgun-tonทองคำtɔɔng-kamห้อยระย้าhɔ̂ɔi-rá-yáaอยู่yùuข้างkâangพระกรรณprá-gan
The poet described the beauty of the literary heroine, stating that her face was as radiant as the moon and golden earrings dangled beside her ears.
พระพุทธprá-pútรูปทรงเครื่องrûup-song-krʉ̂ʉangในnaiสมัยsà-mǎiอยุธยาตอนปลายà-yút-tá-yaa-dtɔɔn-bplaaiมักmákมีmiiการgaanประดับตกแต่งbprà-dàp-dtòk-dtɛ̀ngด้วยdûuaiกุณฑลgun-tonและlɛ́เครื่องkrʉ̂ʉangถนิมพิมพาภรณ์tà-nǐm-pim-paa-pɔɔnอย่างวิจิตรบรรจงyàang-wí-jìt-ban-jong
Late Ayutthaya-period lavishly attired Buddha statues are often exquisitely decorated with traditional earrings and royal ornaments.
แสงตะวันsɛ̌ɛng-dtà-wanตกกระทบdtòk-grà-tópกุณฑลgun-tonแก้วมณีgɛ̂ɛo-má-niiของkɔ̌ɔngองค์ongเทteeวะwáส่องประกายsɔ̀ɔng-bprà-gaaiระยิบระยับrá-yíp-rá-yápขับkàpให้hâiพระสิริโฉมprá-sì-rí-chǒomดูduuงดงามngót-ngaamเหนือnʉ̌ʉaพรรณนาpan-ná-naaในnaiวรรณคดีwan-ná-ká-diiร้อยกรองrɔ́ɔi-grɔɔng
The sunlight hit the deity's jeweled earrings, sparkling brilliantly and enhancing a divine beauty that is beyond description in the poetic literature.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is กุณฑล said กุณ-ทน?
gun-ton
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ณ, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
gun
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |