ไกวัล
gai-wanMeaning
1AdjectiveC2
entire; whole; universal
entire, whole, all, or universal (typically used in formal, poetic, or literary contexts)
Examples
พระเกียรติยศprá-gìiat-dtì-yótพระเกียรติยศprá-gìiat-dtì-yótroyal honor; royal prestigeของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsพระมหากษัตริย์ไทยprá-má-hǎa-gà-sàt-taiพระมหากษัตริย์ไทยprá-má-hǎa-gà-sàt-taiKing of Thailandเลื่องลือระบือไกลlʉ̂ʉang-lʉʉ-rá-bʉʉ-glaiเลื่องลือระบือไกลlʉ̂ʉang-lʉʉ-rá-bʉʉ-glaiwidely famous; renownedไปทั่วbpai-tûuaไปทั่วbpai-tûua1[to] go everywhere; travel all over2all over; everywhere (extent marker)แดนdɛɛnแดนdɛɛn1land; territory; country (literary)2realm; domain (figurative)3border; frontierไกวัลgai-wanไกวัลgai-wanentire; whole; universal
The prestige of the Thai monarch is renowned far and wide throughout the entire realm.
3 more examplesShow less
เสียงsĭiangสรรเสริญเกียรติคุณsăn-lá-sěrn gìiat-kunของkŏngท่านtâanดังdangกึกก้องgèuk gôngไปทั่วbpai tûuaทั้งtángภพpópไกวัลgai-wan
The sound of praise for his prestige echoed throughout the entire universe.
หลักธรรมคำสอนlàk-tam-kam-sɔ̌ɔnของkɔ̌ɔngพระพุทธองค์prá-pút-tá-ongเป็นbpenสัจธรรมsàt-jà-tamที่แท้จริงtîi-tɛ́ɛ-jingและlɛ́ครอบคลุมkrɔ̂ɔp-klumไปทั่วbpai-tûuaไกวัลgai-wan
The teachings of the Buddha are the absolute truth and encompass the entire universe.
กวีเอกgà-wii-èekได้dâaiประพันธ์บทbprà-pan-bòtกวีพรรณนาgà-wii-pan-ná-naaถึงtʉ̌ngความงดงามkwaam-ngót-ngaamของkɔ̌ɔngธรรมชาติtam-má-châatอันanกว้างใหญ่gwâang-yàiทั่วtûuaสากลsǎa-gonไกวัลgai-wan
The great poet composed a poem depicting the beauty of vast nature throughout the entire universe.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableThe vowel ไ hides a final -ย, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
gai
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |