ปวง
bpuuangMeaning
1determinerB2
all; entire (formal/literary)
all of; the whole of (used attributively before nouns in formal or literary style)
Examples
คณะกรรมการká-ná-gam-má-gaanคณะกรรมการká-ná-gam-má-gaancommittee; boardประกาศbprà-gàatประกาศbprà-gàat1[to] announce; declare2announcement; notice3proclamation; decree4[to] proclaim; promulgate (form.)แนวปฏิบัติnɛɛo-bpà-dtì-bàtแนวปฏิบัติnɛɛo-bpà-dtì-bàt1guideline; protocol; procedure; code of practice2customary practice; way of doing thingsแก่gɛ̀ɛแก่gɛ̀ɛ1old (age)2to; toward (recipient/affected party)3dark (color); strong (drink)4mature; fully grown; old (plant parts or produce)5for; with regard toปวงbpuuangปวงbpuuangall; entire (formal/literary)ครูอาจารย์kruu-aa-jaanครูอาจารย์kruu-aa-jaanteachers; mentors (respectful, collective)ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)สถาบันsà-tǎa-banสถาบันsà-tǎa-ban1institution; establishment2institute (organization)3the monarchy as an institution (Thai context)
The board announced guidelines to all instructors in the institution.
3 more examplesShow less
ขอให้kɔ̌ɔ-hâiปวงbpuuangนักศึกษาnák-sʉ̀k-sǎaอ่านàanประกาศbprà-gàatฉบับchà-bàpใหม่màiให้hâiครบถ้วนkróp-tûuan
All students are requested to read the new announcement in full.
ระเบียบrá-bìiapฉบับchà-bàpนี้níiมีmiiผลบังคับpǒn-bang-kápแก่gɛ̀ɛปวงbpuuangเจ้าหน้าที่jâao-nâa-tîiและlɛ́ผู้ปฏิบัติงานpûu-bpà-dtì-bàt-ngaanทุกtúkฝ่ายfàai
This regulation applies to all officers and staff across all departments.
รายงานraai-ngaanดังกล่าวdang-glàaoจัดทำjàt-tamเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaประโยชน์bprà-yòotแห่งhɛ̀ngปวงbpuuangผู้มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสียpûu-mii-sùuan-dâai-sùuan-sǐiaในnaiโครงการkroong-gaan
The report was prepared for the benefit of all stakeholders in the project.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ง, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
bpuuang
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |