ปณิธาน
bpà-nì-taanMeaning
1NounB2
vow; determination; resolution
a solemn vow or firm determination to achieve a goal; a formal resolution or pledge (often used in formal or religious contexts)
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillตั้งปณิธานdtâng-bpà-nì-taanตั้งปณิธานdtâng-bpà-nì-taan[to] make a vow; [to] resolveว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)เรียนriianเรียนriian1[to] study; learn2[to] take (a course/subject)3[to] respectfully inform; address (formal)ให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)จบjòpจบjòp1[to] end; be over2[to] complete; finish (an activity/task)3finished; over; done4[to] graduateเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofกลับไปglàp-bpaiกลับไปglàp-bpai1[to] go back; return (there)2back (directional, after verbs)3[to] revert; return to a previous state/activityพัฒนาpát-tá-naaพัฒนาpát-tá-naa1[to] develop; improve2development (process)บ้านเกิดbâan-gə̀ətบ้านเกิดbâan-gə̀ətbirthplace; hometown
He vowed to finish his studies to return and develop his hometown.
3 more examplesShow less
ในnaiวันปีใหม่wan-bpii-màiเธอtəəกล่าวglàaoปณิธานbpà-nì-taanต่อหน้าdtɔ̀ɔ-nâaครอบครัวkrɔ̂ɔp-kruuaว่าwâaจะjàดูแลสุขภาพduu-lɛɛ-sùk-kà-pâapอย่างจริงจังyàang-jing-jang
On New Year’s Day, she made a solemn resolution before her family to take care of her health seriously.
พระภิกษุprá-pík-sùประกาศbprà-gàatปณิธานbpà-nì-taanในnaiการบวชgaan-bùuatว่าwâaจะjàยึดมั่นyʉ́t-mânในnaiวินัยwí-naiและlɛ́ปฏิบัติbpà-dtì-bàtเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaประโยชน์bprà-yòotแก่gɛ̀ɛสาธารณชนsǎa-taa-rá-ná-chon
The monk declared his solemn vow at ordination to adhere to the discipline and act for the public good.
แม้mɛ́ɛเผชิญpà-chəənอุปสรรคù-bpà-sàkมากมายmâak-maaiเขาkǎoยังคงyang-kongรักษาrák-sǎaปณิธานbpà-nì-taanเดิมdəəmที่จะtîi-jàผลักดันplàk-danนโยบายการศึกษาná-yoo-baai-gaan-sʉ̀k-sǎaที่tîiเป็นธรรมbpen-tam
Despite many obstacles, he still upheld his original resolution to push for fair education policy.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ปณิธาน said ปะ-หนิ-ทาน?
bpà-nì-taan
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
3 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
bpà
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |