ตกระกำ
dtòk-rá-gamMeaning
1VerbB2
[to] suffer; [to] fall on hard times
to suffer, to experience hardship or adversity, to fall on hard times
Examples
ตอนที่dton têeตอนที่dton têe1when; at the time that2episode/part (numbered label)เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; she; him; her2they; them (context-dependent)3horn4mountain; hillย้ายไปอยู่yáai bpai yòoย้ายไปอยู่yáai bpai yòo[to] relocate; move to live (somewhere else)เมืองนอกmeuuang nôkเมืองนอกmeuuang nôk1foreign countries; overseas (colloq.)2abroad; overseas (colloq.)3foreign; imported (colloq.)ใหม่ๆmài màiใหม่ๆmài mài1recently; just; newly2new; new ones; brand-new3fresh; just-made/just-picked4at first; initiallyเขาkăoเขาkăo1he; she; him; her2they; them (context-dependent)3horn4mountain; hillต้องdtôngต้องdtông1must; have to2must; bound toตกระกำลำบากdtòk rá-gam lam-bàakตกระกำลำบากdtòk rá-gam lam-bàak[to] be in hardship; [to] sufferมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerousเพราะpráwเพราะpráw1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingพูดpôotพูดpôot[to] speak; talk; sayภาษาอังกฤษpaa-săa ang-grìtภาษาอังกฤษpaa-săa ang-grìtthe English languageไม่ได้mâi dâaiไม่ได้mâi dâai1cannot; not allowed; impossible2did not3[to] fail to get/receive [sth]4unacceptable; not allowed (won’t do)5No way!; absolutely not6not really/actually (corrective)เลยloieเลยloie1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceed
When he first moved abroad, he had to endure a lot of hardship because he couldn't speak English at all.
3 more examplesShow less
ฉันchǎnสงสารsǒng-sǎanเด็กdèkคนkonนั้นnánที่tîiต้องdtɔ̂ngมาmaaตกระกำลำบากdtòk-rá-gam-lam-bàakตั้งแต่dtâng-dtɛ̀ɛยังyangเล็กlékเพราะprɔ́พ่อแม่pɔ̂ɔ-mɛ̂ɛทิ้งtíngไปbpai
I feel sorry for that child who has had to suffer hardship since a young age because their parents abandoned them.
กว่าgwàaเศรษฐีsèet-tǐiคนนี้kon-níiจะjàสร้างตัวsâang-dtuuaจนjonร่ำรวยrâm-ruuaiมหาศาลmá-hǎa-sǎanเขาkǎoเคยkəəiตกระกำลำบากdtòk-rá-gam-lam-bàakถึงขั้นtʉ̌ng-kânไม่มีmâi-miiข้าวkâaoจะjàกินginมาแล้วmaa-lɛ́ɛo
Before this millionaire built his immense wealth, he had experienced such severe hardship that he didn't even have food to eat.
ไม่ว่าmâi-wâaอนาคตà-naa-kótข้างหน้าkâang-nâaจะต้องjà-dtɔ̂ngตกระกำลำบากdtòk-rá-gam-lam-bàakแค่ไหนkɛ̂ɛ-nǎiฉันchǎnก็gɔ̂ขอkɔ̌ɔสัญญาsǎn-yaaว่าwâaจะjàอยู่yùuเคียงข้างkiiang-kâangและlɛ́ไม่mâiทอดทิ้งtɔ̂ɔt-tíngคุณkun
No matter how much hardship we have to face in the future, I promise to stay by your side and never abandon you.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ตกระกำ said ตก-ระ-กัม?
dtòk-rá-gam
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
3 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -ก, a stop, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
dtòk
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
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กำgamกำgam1[to] grasp; clench; grip2handful (amount)3fist4classifier: handful(s)5wheel spoke[to] grasp; clench; gripPart 3
ตกระกำdtòk-rá-gamตกระกำdtòk-rá-gam[to] suffer; [to] fall on hard times[to] suffer; [to] fall on hard timesWord