กรำแดด
gram-dɛ̀ɛtMeaning
1VerbB2
[to] be exposed to the sun
to endure long exposure to the sun, often while working outdoors.
Examples
ชาวนาchaao-naaชาวนาchaao-naarice farmerต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toทำงานtam-ngaanทำงานtam-ngaan1[to] work; do one's job; be on duty2[to] function; operateกรำแดดgram-dɛ̀ɛtกรำแดดgram-dɛ̀ɛt[to] be exposed to the sunกลางglaangกลางglaang1middle; center2middle; central3in the middle; in the center4amid; in the midst of; mid-ทุ่งนาtûng-naaทุ่งนาtûng-naarice field; paddy fieldเกือบgʉ̀ʉapเกือบgʉ̀ʉapalmost; nearlyทุกวันtúk-wanทุกวันtúk-wan1every day; daily2daily; occurring every day
Farmers have to work under the sun in the fields almost every day.
3 more examplesShow less
ผิวpǐuของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoคล้ำklámลงlongมากmâakเพราะprɔ́ต้องdtɔ̂ngกรำแดดgram-dɛ̀ɛtตอนdtɔɔnไปbpaiทำtamงานก่อสร้างngaan-gɔ̀ɔ-sâang
His skin got much darker because he had to endure the sun while working in construction.
ถึงtʉ̌ngจะต้องjà-dtɔ̂ngกรำแดดgram-dɛ̀ɛtจนjonตัวดำdtuua-damแต่dtɛ̀ɛเขาkǎoก็gɔ̂ภูมิใจpuum-jaiในnaiอาชีพaa-chîipเกษตรกรgà-sèet-dtà-gɔɔnของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎo
Even though he has to endure the sun until his skin is dark, he is proud of his profession as a farmer.
อาชีพaa-chêepทหารtá-hăanชายแดนchaai daenต้องdtôngอาศัยaa-săiความอดทนkwaam òt tonสูงsŏongในnaiการทำงานgaan tam ngaanกรำแดดgràm dàetกgรำramฝนfŏnเพื่อpêuuaปกป้องbpòk bpôngประเทศbprà-tâet
The profession of a border patrol soldier requires great endurance to work through sun and rain to protect the country.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is กรำแดด said กรัม-แดด?
gram-dɛ̀ɛt
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid classConsonant clusterIn the cluster กร, the first consonant ก sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableThe vowel ำ hides a final -ม, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
gram
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
+
กรำแดดgram-dɛ̀ɛtกรำแดดgram-dɛ̀ɛt[to] be exposed to the sun[to] be exposed to the sunWord