เพรง
preengMeaning
1AdjectiveC1
former; ancient; long ago
former, old, or in the distant past, usually used in literary or archaic language
Examples
ยายyaaiยายyaai1grandmother (maternal)2old woman (informal; can be rude)ชอบchɔ̂ɔpชอบchɔ̂ɔp1[to] like; be fond of2tend to; usually3be proper; be fitting (formal)เล่าlâoเล่าlâo1[to] tell; narrate; recount2particle (emphasis/insistence)3question or topic particle (literary)นิทานní-taanนิทานní-taantale; story (traditional/children’s)ที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoเรื่องราวrʉ̂ʉang-raaoเรื่องราวrʉ̂ʉang-raao1story; tale2matter; affair; incidentมาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerแต่dtɛ̀ɛแต่dtɛ̀ɛ1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)กาลgaanกาลgaan1time; period; era [formal/literary]2tense (grammar)เพรงpreengเพรงpreengformer; ancient; long agoให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)หลานlǎanหลานlǎan1grandchild2niece or nephewฟังfangฟังfang1listen2heed3[to] sound; seem (to the ear)ก่อนนอนgɔ̀ɔn-nɔɔnก่อนนอนgɔ̀ɔn-nɔɔn1before bed; before sleeping; at bedtime2bedtime (as a modifier)เสมอsà-mə̌əเสมอsà-mə̌ə1always; invariably2constantly; habitually3equal; level; even4[to] draw; [to] tie
Grandma always likes telling bedtime tales with stories from the distant past to her grandchildren.
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หากhàakเราraoมีmiiบุญbunที่tîiสร้างสมsâang-sǒmมาmaaแต่dtɛ̀ɛเพรงpreengก่อนgɔ̀ɔnชีวิตchii-wítนี้níiก็gɔ̂คงจะkong-jàไม่mâiลำบากlam-bàakนักnák
If we have merit accumulated from the distant past, this life probably won't be too difficult.
กวีgà-wiiบรรยายถึงban-yaai-tʉ̌ngความรุ่งเรืองkwaam-rûng-rʉʉangของkɔ̌ɔngราชธานีrâat-chá-taa-niiแต่dtɛ̀ɛเพรงpreengกาลgaanได้dâaiอย่างวิจิตรบรรจงyàang-wí-jìt-ban-jong
The poet exquisitely described the prosperity of the capital in the distant past.
ความผูกพันkwaam-pùuk-panที่tîiเกิดขึ้นgə̀ət-kʉ̂nอย่างลึกซึ้งyàang-lʉ́k-sʉ́ngและlɛ́รวดเร็วrûuat-reoนี้níiอาจàatเป็นผลมาจากbpen-pǒn-maa-jàakวาสนาwâat-sà-nǎaแต่dtɛ̀ɛปางbpaangเพรงpreeng
This deep and rapidly formed bond might be the result of destiny from the distant past.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow classConsonant clusterIn the cluster พร, the first consonant พ sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ง, a sonorant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
preeng
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |