นิรย
ní-rá-yáMeaning
1NounC1
hell
hell; a place of suffering after death, especially in Buddhist or literary contexts
Examples
พระสงฆ์prá-sǒngพระสงฆ์prá-sǒng1the monastic order; Buddhist clergy2a monk (formal/literary)เทศนาtêet-sà-naaเทศนาtêet-sà-naa1[to] preach; deliver a sermon2sermon; homilyเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangเรื่องrʉ̂ʉang1matter; issue; subject2story; tale3classifier for stories/films/cases4about; regarding (as a topic marker)ความน่ากลัวkwaam-nâa-gluuaความน่ากลัวkwaam-nâa-gluuascariness; frightfulnessของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsนิรยní-rá-yáนิรยní-rá-yáhellเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofเตือนใจdtʉʉan-jaiเตือนใจdtʉʉan-jai[to] remind (morally/mentally); [to] admonishไม่ให้mâi-hâiไม่ให้mâi-hâi1[to] not give; withhold; refuse to give2[to] not allow; not let; forbid3so that not; in order to preventชาวบ้านchaao-bâanชาวบ้านchaao-bâan1villagers; locals; rural residents2ordinary people; laypeople; the public3folksy; colloquial; plain (as a modifier)ทำtamทำtam1[to] do; make2[to] act; behave3[to] cook; prepare food4[to] do; carry out (work)5[to] cause; makeบาปbàapบาปbàap1sin; demerit2sinful; morally wrong
The monk preached about the terrors of hell to remind the villagers not to commit sins.
3 more examplesShow less
ภาพจิตรกรรมฝาผนังpâap-jìt-dtrà-gam-fǎa-pà-nǎngในnaiอุโบสถù-boo-sòtแสดงให้เห็นถึงsà-dɛɛng-hâi-hěn-tʉ̌ngความทุกข์ทรมานkwaam-túk-tɔɔ-rá-maanของkɔ̌ɔngสัตว์โลกsàt-lôokที่tîiตกอยู่dtòk-yùuในnaiนิรยní-rá-yá
The mural paintings in the ordination hall depict the suffering of creatures that fall into hell.
ในnaiวรรณคดีพุทธศาสนาwan-ná-ká-dii-pút-tá-sàat-sà-nǎaนิรยภูมิní-rá-yá-puumถูกtùukบรรยายban-yaaiว่าwâaเป็นbpenดินแดนdin-dɛɛnแห่งhɛ̀ngการชดใช้gaan-chót-cháiกรรมgamที่tîiไม่อาจmâi-àatหลีกหนีlìik-nǐiได้dâai
In Buddhist literature, the hell realm is described as an inescapable land of karmic retribution.
คำสอนkam-sɔ̌ɔnเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangสวรรค์sà-wǎnและlɛ́นิรยní-rá-yáเป็นbpenกลอุบายgon-ù-baaiทางธรรมtaang-tamที่tîiใช้cháiควบคุมkûuap-kumบรรทัดฐานban-tát-tǎanทางtaangศีลธรรมsǐin-lá-tamของkɔ̌ɔngสังคมsǎng-komในnaiสมัยโบราณsà-mǎi-boo-raan
The teachings about heaven and hell are a Dharma strategy used to control the moral norms of society in ancient times.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is นิรย said นิ-ระ-ยะ?
ní-rá-yá
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
3 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableShort vowelA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
ní
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Short vowel → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |