ภุมเรศ
pum-má-rêetMeaning
1NounC2
bee; carpenter bee
a bee or carpenter bee (typically used in poetry and classical literature)
Examples
กวีgà-wiiกวีgà-wiipoetเลือกใช้คำlʉ̂ʉak-chái-kamเลือกใช้คำlʉ̂ʉak-chái-kam[to] choose wordsว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeภุมเรศpum-má-rêetภุมเรศpum-má-rêetbee; carpenter beeเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofสื่อถึงsʉ̀ʉ-tʉ̌ngสื่อถึงsʉ̀ʉ-tʉ̌ng1[to] convey; communicate; express2[to] signify; denote; connote; refer toผึ้งpʉ̂ngผึ้งpʉ̂ngbeeที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerกำลังgam-langกำลังgam-lang1currently; in the middle of2power; strength3power (physics)4troops; forcesตอมdtɔɔmตอมdtɔɔm1[of insects] swarm/hover over2[fig.] flock around; crowd aroundดอกไม้dɔ̀ɔk-máaiดอกไม้dɔ̀ɔk-máaiflower; flowersในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)บทประพันธ์bòt-bprà-panบทประพันธ์bòt-bprà-pan1literary work; composition; poem2musical compositionของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎohis; hers; theirs
The poet chose to use the word 'phummaret' to refer to a bee swarming a flower in his composition.
3 more examplesShow less
ในnaiวรรณคดีไทยwan-ná-ká-dii-taiภุมเรศpum-má-rêetมักmákถูกtùukใช้cháiเป็นbpenสัญลักษณ์sǎn-yá-lákแทนtɛɛnชายหนุ่มchaai-nùmที่tîiคอยkɔɔiเชยชมchəəi-chomความงามkwaam-ngaamของkɔ̌ɔngหญิงสาวyǐng-sǎao
In classical Thai literature, a 'phummaret' is often used as a symbol representing a young man seeking the affection of beautiful women.
เสียงsĭiangหึ่งๆhèung-hèungของkŏngหมู่mòoแมลงmá-laengที่têeบินวนเวียนbin won wiianอยู่yòoรอบrôpเกสรดอกไม้gay-sŏn dòk máaiถูกtòokพรรณนาpan-ná-naaด้วยdûuayคำศัพท์kam sàpที่têeสละสลวยsà-là sà-lŭuaiอย่างyàangคำว่าkam wâaภุมเรศpum-má-rêt
The buzzing sound of insects circling around the flower pollens was depicted using the elegant vocabulary word 'phummaret'.
คำว่าkam-wâaภุมเรศpum-má-rêetเป็นbpenคำยืมkam-yʉʉmจากjàakภาษาpaa-sǎaสันสกฤตsǎn-sà-grìtที่tîiมักmákปรากฏbpraa-gòtในnaiพระราชนิพนธ์prá-râat-chá-ní-ponหรือrʉ̌ʉบทกวีbòt-gà-wiiชั้นสูงchán-sǔungเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพิ่มpə̂əmสุนทรียภาพsǔn-tá-rii-yá-pâapและlɛ́สัมผัสsǎm-pàtทางtaangภาษาpaa-sǎaให้hâiไพเราะpai-rɔ́ยิ่งขึ้นyîng-kʉ̂n
The word 'phummaret' is a Sanskrit loanword frequently found in royal compositions or high poetry to enhance the aesthetic and linguistic rhythm.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ภุมเรศ said พุม-มะ-เรศ?
pum-má-rêet
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
3 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ม, a sonorant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
pum
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |