ความนำ
kwaam-namMeaning
1NounB2
introduction; preface
an introduction, preface, foreword, or preamble to a text, document, or speech
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)3like; as (in the manner of)ยังไม่ได้yang-mâi-dâaiยังไม่ได้yang-mâi-dâai1not yet; haven’t yet2not yet possible; not yet permittedอ่านàanอ่านàan1[to] read2[to] read aloud; pronounce3[to] interpret; make sense of4[to] read data (computing)รายงานraai-ngaanรายงานraai-ngaan1report (document/account)2[to] report; inform officiallyทั้งtángทั้งtáng1whole; entire2all3both4altogether; entirelyฉบับchà-bàpฉบับchà-bàp1classifier for documents/printed texts2issue; edition; copyอ่านàanอ่านàan1[to] read2[to] read aloud; pronounce3[to] interpret; make sense of4[to] read data (computing)แค่kɛ̂ɛแค่kɛ̂ɛ1only; just2up to; as far as; only as much asส่วนsùuanส่วนsùuan1part; portion; section2classifier for parts or portions3share; quota4department; division; unit5as for; regarding6over (in fractions)ความนำkwaam-namความนำkwaam-namintroduction; prefaceเท่านั้นtâo-nánเท่านั้นtâo-nán1only; just; no more than2that much/that many; to that extent3that’s all; period (sentence‑final)
I haven't read the entire report, just the introduction.
3 more examplesShow less
The introduction of this article is written very interestingly.
วิทยากรwít-tá-yaa-gɔɔnใช้เวลาchái-wee-laaเกริ่นgrə̀nความนำkwaam-namเกือบgʉ̀ʉapสิบsìpนาทีnaa-tiiกว่าจะgwàa-jàเข้าสู่kâo-sùuประเด็นหลักbprà-den-làk
The speaker spent almost ten minutes on the introduction before getting to the main point.
คุณควรkun-kuuanเขียนkǐianความนำkwaam-namให้hâiชัดเจนchát-jeenเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiผู้pûuอ่านเข้าใจàan-kâo-jaiวัตถุประสงค์wát-tù-bprà-sǒngของkɔ̌ɔngรายงานraai-ngaan
You should write a clear introduction so that readers understand the objective of the report.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ความนำ said ความ-นัม?
kwaam-nam
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow classConsonant clusterIn the cluster คว, the first consonant ค sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ม, a sonorant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
kwaam
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
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ความนำkwaam-namความนำkwaam-namintroduction; prefaceintroduction; prefaceWord