ขรึมๆ
krĕum krĕumMeanings
1AdjectiveB2
somewhat reserved; serious; subdued
somewhat quiet, reserved, or serious in manner or expression; of a tone of voice: subdued or serious.
Examples
เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)คนkonคนkon1person; human2classifier: people3[to] stir; mix by stirringนิ่งๆnîng-nîngนิ่งๆnîng-nîng1very still; without moving; quietly2motionless; unreactive; calm3Keep still!; Don't move!4understatedly; low‑keyขรึมๆkrĕum krĕumขรึมๆkrĕum krĕum1somewhat reserved; serious; subdued2in a reserved, subdued, or serious mannerไม่ค่อยmâi kôiไม่ค่อยmâi kôi1rarely; seldom; not often2not very; hardly (degree)พูดpôotพูดpôot1[to] speak; talk2[to] say; speak3[to] tell; talk aboutกับgàpกับgàp1with; together with2and (informal)3side dish; accompaniment4against; versus5to; toward (recipient/target)6classifier: sets/pairs (spoon and fork)ใครkraiใครkrai1who2anyone; whoever
He's a quiet, somewhat reserved person; he doesn't talk to people much.
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ตั้งแต่dtâng dtàeได้ยินdâi-yinข่าวร้ายkàao ráaiเขาkăoก็gâwทำหน้าtam nâaขรึมๆkrĕum krĕumไม่mâiยอมyomคุยkuiกับgàpเราraoเลยloie
Ever since hearing the bad news, he's been looking all serious and won't talk to us at all.
ด้วยdûuayน้ำเสียงnám sĭiangขรึมๆkrĕum krĕumของเขาkŏng kăoทำให้tam hâiลูกน้องlôok nóngไม่มีmâi meeใครkraiกล้าglâaเถียงtĭiangเวลาway-laaเขาkăoสั่งงานsàng ngaan
With his low, subdued tone of voice, none of the subordinates dared to argue when he gave orders.
แม้máeภายนอกpaai nôkเขาkăoจะjàดูเป็นdoo bpenคนkonขรึมๆkrĕum krĕumแต่dtàeลึกๆléuk léukแล้วláeoเขาkăoเป็นbpenคนตลกkon dtà-lòkและláeใจjaiดีมากdee mâak
Although he may seem somewhat serious on the outside, deep down he is actually a very funny and kind person.
2AdverbB2
in a reserved, subdued, or serious manner
in a quiet, reserved, or serious way, including when speaking.
Examples
เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillตอบdtòpตอบdtòp1[to] answer; reply2[to] respond; react3sunken; hollow (of cheeks/abdomen)ฉันchănฉันchăn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ด้วยdûuayด้วยdûuay1with; together with2also; too; as well3by; by means of; using4because of; due to5because; since (formal/literary)6request particle; please; tooน้ำเสียงnám sĭiangน้ำเสียงnám sĭiang1tone of voice; vocal tone2tone; tenor (figurative)ขรึมๆkrĕum krĕumขรึมๆkrĕum krĕum1somewhat reserved; serious; subdued2in a reserved, subdued, or serious mannerว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeเขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillไม่ว่างmâi wâangไม่ว่างmâi wâang1busy; not free2occupied; taken (of a seat/room/line)
He replied to me in a low, serious tone that he wasn't free.
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ปกติbpòk-gà-dtìเขาkăoเป็นbpenคนkonร่าเริงrâa rerngแต่dtàeวันนี้wan néeเขาkăoนั่งทำงานnâng tam ngaanขรึมๆkrĕum krĕumทั้งวันtáng wan
He's normally a cheerful person, but today he sat working in a subdued way all day.
พอporรู้rúuผลสอบpŏn sòpลูกชายlôok chaaiก็gâwพยักหน้าpá-yák nâaรับrápขรึมๆkrĕum krĕumแล้วláeoเดินเข้าdern kâoห้องhôngไปbpaiเงียบๆngîiap ngîiap
After learning the exam results, my son just nodded in a reserved way and walked quietly into his room.
ท่าทีtâa-teeที่têeเขาkăoพูดpôotกับgàpเราraoขรึมๆkrĕum krĕumทำให้tam hâiบรรยากาศban-yaa-gàatในnaiการประชุมgaan bprà-chumตึงเครียดdteung krîatขึ้นมาkêun maaทันทีtan tee
The subdued way in which he spoke to us instantly made the atmosphere in the meeting tense.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ขรึมๆ said ขรึม-ขรึม?
krĕum krĕum
Thai spelling does not always show how a word sounds. This is how it is said.
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh classConsonant clusterIn the cluster ขร, the first consonant ข sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ม, a sonorant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
krĕum
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |