เขม่า
kà-màoMeaning
1NounB1
soot; fine black powder from incomplete combustion
Soot; a fine black or brown powdery residue produced by the incomplete burning of organic matter, such as from a candle flame, chimney, or exhaust pipe.
Examples
ท่อไอเสียtôr ai sĭiaท่อไอเสียtôr ai sĭia1exhaust pipe; tailpipe2exhaust system/muffler (colloquial)รถrótรถrót1vehicle (general)2car; automobileคันkanคันkan1itchy2[to] itch; feel itchy3classifier for vehicles4lever; handle5shaft; rod; pole6classifier for fishing rods; poles; handlesนั้นnánนั้นnán1that (distal demonstrative)2that one; that thing3(topic-marking or emphatic particle)มีmeeมีmee1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoเขม่าkà-màoเขม่าkà-màosoot; fine black powder from incomplete combustionดำๆdam damดำๆdam damblackish; rather/very dark (informal)ติดอยู่dtìt yòoติดอยู่dtìt yòo1[to] be stuck; trapped; unable to get free2[to] be attached; adhered; stuck on3[to] be held up; tied up; unable to leave4[to] remain; linger (smell/feeling/problem)5[to] be fixated on; hung up onเต็มไปหมดdtem bpai mòtเต็มไปหมดdtem bpai mòt1completely full; crammed2everywhere; all over (the place)
That car's exhaust pipe is covered in black soot.
3 more examplesShow less
เวลาwee-laaทำอาหารtam-aa-hǎanด้วยdûuaiเตาถ่านdtao-tàanมือmʉʉของkɔ̌ɔngแม่mɛ̂ɛมักจะmák-jàเปื้อนbpʉ̂ʉanเขม่าkà-màoเสมอsà-mə̌ə
When cooking with a charcoal stove, my mother's hands are always stained with soot.
ช่างchângบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaต้องdtɔ̂ngทำความสะอาดtam-kwaam-sà-àatเขม่าkà-màoในnaiปล่องไฟbplɔ̀ɔng-faiปีละครั้งbpii-lá-krángเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaความปลอดภัยkwaam-bplɔ̀ɔt-pai
The technician said the soot in the chimney must be cleaned once a year for safety.
การเผาไหม้gaan-pǎo-mâiที่tîiไม่สมบูรณ์mâi-sǒm-buunของkɔ̌ɔngเชื้อเพลิงchʉ́ʉa-pləəngเป็นสาเหตุbpen-sǎa-hèetหลักlàkของkɔ̌ɔngการเกิดgaan-gə̀ətเขม่าkà-màoซึ่งsʉ̂ngส่งผลกระทบต่อsòng-pǒn-grà-tóp-dtɔ̀ɔคุณภาพอากาศkun-ná-pâap-aa-gàatและlɛ́สุขภาพsùk-kà-pâap
The incomplete combustion of fuel is the main cause of soot, which impacts air quality and health.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is เขม่า said ขะ-เหม่า?
kà-mào
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
kà
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
+
ม่าmâaม่าmâa1grandmother (colloq., Sino-Thai)2drama (clipped slang)grandmother (colloq., Sino-Thai)Part 2
เขม่าkà-màoเขม่าkà-màosoot; fine black powder from incomplete combustionsoot; fine black powder from incomplete combustionWord