กุล
gunMeaning
1NounC1
family; lineage; clan
a family, lineage, clan, or ancestry (often used in formal or literary contexts to indicate good breeding or origin)
Examples
เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillถือกำเนิดtĕu gam-nèrtถือกำเนิดtĕu gam-nèrt1[to] be born2[to] come into beingในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)กุลgunกุลgunfamily; lineage; clanอันanอันan1general classifier for objects, items, or abstract things2which; that (relative pronoun, formal/literary)3as for; concerning (formal/literary topic marker)4thing; item; oneดีงามdee ngaamดีงามdee ngaam1beautiful; admirable2awesome!; excellent! (colloq.)3virtuous; morally goodจึงjeungจึงjeung1therefore; so; thus2only then; then (as a result)มีมารยาทmee maa-rá-yâatมีมารยาทmee maa-rá-yâatpolite; well-manneredงดงามngót ngaamงดงามngót ngaambeautiful; elegant; splendid (formal/literary)และláeและláeand (coordinating)รู้จักrúu jàkรู้จักrúu jàk1[to] know; be acquainted with2[to] recognize; identify3[to] know how; be capable (from familiarity); be prudent withกาลเทศะgaa-lá-tay-sàกาลเทศะgaa-lá-tay-sàtime and place; occasion
He was born into a good lineage, so he has beautiful manners and knows proper etiquette.
3 more examplesShow less
การเลือกคู่ครองgaan-lʉ̂ʉak-kûu-krɔɔngในnaiสมัยโบราณsà-mǎi-boo-raanมักจะmák-jàพิจารณาpí-jaa-rá-naaจากjàakกุลgunและlɛ́ทรัพย์สมบัติsáp-sǒm-bàtเป็นหลักbpen-làk
Choosing a spouse in ancient times often primarily considered lineage and wealth.
แม้mɛ́ɛเขาkǎoจะjàไม่ได้mâi-dâaiถือกำเนิดtʉ̌ʉ-gam-nə̀ətในnaiกุลgunที่tîiมั่งคั่งmâng-kângสูงศักดิ์sǔung-sàkแต่dtɛ̀ɛเขาkǎoก็gɔ̂มีmiiความประพฤติkwaam-bprà-prʉ́tที่tîiน่ายกย่องnâa-yók-yɔ̂ɔng
Even though he was not born into a wealthy and noble lineage, he has praiseworthy conduct.
วรรณคดีไทยwan-ná-ká-dii-taiมักmákพรรณนาถึงpan-ná-naa-tʉ̌ngตัวเอกdtuua-èekที่tîiมาจากmaa-jàakกุลgunอันanประเสริฐbprà-sə̀ətและlɛ́มีmiiสติปัญญาsà-dtì-bpan-yaaเฉียบแหลมchìiap-lɛ̌ɛm
Thai literature often depicts protagonists who come from an excellent lineage and possess sharp intellects.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ล, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
gun
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |