ไร้
ráiMeanings
1AdjectiveA2
without; devoid of; lacking
not having; free from; used before a noun to indicate the absence of something
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)คนkonคนkon1person; human2classifier: peopleไร้อคติrái-à-ká-dtìไร้อคติrái-à-ká-dtìimpartial; unbiased
He is a person free from bias.
3 more examplesShow less
This house is free from noise at night.
อาหารaa-hǎanจานjaanนี้níiไร้ráiเนื้อสัตว์nʉ́ʉa-sàtเหมาะกับmɔ̀-gàpคนกินมังสวิรัติkon-gin-mang-sà-wí-rát
This dish has no meat; it's suitable for vegetarians.
การตัดสินใจgaan-dtàt-sǐn-jaiที่tîiไร้อคติrái-à-ká-dtìทำให้tam-hâiทุกคนtúk-konยอมรับyɔɔm-rápผลลัพธ์pǒn-lápได้dâaiง่ายขึ้นngâai-kʉ̂n
A decision free from bias makes it easier for everyone to accept the outcome.
2VerbB1
be without; lack
to be in a state of lacking something; often used in formal or literary style
Examples
บ้านbâanบ้านbâan1house; home2home (family unit)3village; hometown4classifier: หลังหลังlǎngหลังlǎng1back (of body)2rear; back (part)3behind; at the back of4after; later than5CL: building; house; structureนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ไร้ráiไร้rái1without; devoid of; lacking2be without; lackไฟฟ้าfai-fáaไฟฟ้าfai-fáa1electricity; electric power2electric; electricalมาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerหลายlǎaiหลายlǎaimany; severalวันwanวันwan1day2daytime; daylight3classifier: daysแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)
This house has been lacking electricity for many days.
3 more examplesShow less
เขาkǎoเติบโตdtə̀əp-dtooมาmaaในnaiชุมชนchum-chonที่tîiไร้ráiโอกาสoo-gàatแต่ยังdtɛ̀ɛ-yangพยายามpá-yaa-yaamไม่mâiย้อyɔ́ɔท้อtɔ́ɔ
He grew up in a community that lacks opportunities, but he still tries not to give up.
ชีวิตchii-wítที่tîiไร้ráiเป้าหมายbpâo-mǎaiทำให้tam-hâiเขาkǎoรู้สึกrúu-sʉ̀kเหนื่อยnʉ̀ʉaiและlɛ́สับสนsàp-sǒn
A life lacking goals makes him feel tired and confused.
สังคมsǎng-komที่tîiไร้ráiความเป็นธรรมkwaam-bpen-tamย่อมyɔ̂mนำไปสู่nam-bpai-sùuความไม่ไว้วางใจkwaam-mâi-wái-waang-jaiระหว่างrá-wàangผู้คนpûu-kon
A society devoid of justice naturally leads to distrust among people.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
rái
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + Mai tho → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |