อดขนม
òt-kà-nǒmMeaning
1VerbA2
[to] refrain from sweets; go without snacks/dessert
to refrain from eating sweets or snacks, whether by choice, as a rule, or as punishment
Examples
วันนี้wan-níiวันนี้wan-níi1today (time of speech)2today; this day3nowadays; at presentฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)จะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)อดขนมòt-kà-nǒmอดขนมòt-kà-nǒm[to] refrain from sweets; go without snacks/dessert
Today I will refrain from eating snacks.
3 more examplesShow less
Yesterday the doctor told me to refrain from eating sweets for a week.
พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiครูkruuสั่งให้sàng-hâiนักเรียนnák-riianอดขนมòt-kà-nǒmหลังlǎngอาหารกลางวันaa-hǎan-glaang-wan
Tomorrow the teacher ordered the students to refrain from snacks after lunch.
เขาkǎoตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jaiอดขนมòt-kà-nǒmตลอดdtà-lɔ̀ɔtเดือนนี้dʉʉan-níiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaควบkûuapคุมน้ำหนักkum-nám-nàkแม้mɛ́ɛเพื่อนpʉ̂ʉanจะjàชวนchuuanกินginเค้กkéekก็ตามgɔ̂-dtaam
He decided to refrain from sweets all month to control his weight, even though friends invite him to eat cake.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is อดขนม said อด-ขะ-หนม?
òt-kà-nǒm
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
3 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -ด, a stop, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
òt
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
อดòtอดòt1[to] refrain; [to] resist (doing)2[to] go without; [to] forgo3[to] fast; [to] abstain from food[to] refrain; [to] resist (doing)Part 1
+
อดขนมòt-kà-nǒmอดขนมòt-kà-nǒm[to] refrain from sweets; go without snacks/dessert[to] refrain from sweets; go without snacks/dessertWord