ควันดำ
kwan-damMeaning
1NounA2
black smoke
black smoke, often from a fire or from the exhaust of a diesel engine.
Examples
รถrótรถrót1vehicle (general)2car; automobileคันkanคันkan1itchy2[to] itch; feel itchy3classifier for vehicles4lever; handle5shaft; rod; pole6classifier for fishing rods; poles; handlesนั้นnánนั้นnán1that (distal demonstrative)2that one; that thing3(topic-marking or emphatic particle)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoควันดำkwan-damควันดำkwan-damblack smoke
That car has black smoke.
3 more examplesShow less
I saw black smoke coming from the factory.
The old bus released a lot of black smoke.
ถ้าtâaรถrótของkɔ̌ɔngคุณkunมีmiiควันดำkwan-damออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maaควรkuuanนำnamไปให้bpai-hâiช่างchângตรวจเช็คdtrùuat-chék
If your car is emitting black smoke, you should take it to a mechanic to be checked.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ควันดำ said ควัน-ดัม?
kwan-dam
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow classConsonant clusterIn the cluster คว, the first consonant ค sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
kwan
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
+
ดำdamดำdam1black; very dark (color)2[to] be/turn black3dark-skinned; tan (can be sensitive)4[to] dive; go underwaterblack; very dark (color)Part 2
ควันดำkwan-damควันดำkwan-damblack smokeblack smokeWord