รา
raaMeanings
1NounA2
mold; mildew
A type of fungus that grows on damp or decaying organic matter and on moist surfaces, often appearing as a fuzzy or powdery layer.
Examples
ขนมปังkà-nǒm-bpangขนมปังkà-nǒm-bpangbreadชื้นchʉ́ʉnชื้นchʉ́ʉn1damp; slightly wet2humid; damp (air/weather)3[to] be damp; become dampแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)ขึ้นราkʉ̂n-raaขึ้นราkʉ̂n-raa[to] get moldyต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toทิ้งtíngทิ้งtíng1[to] throw away; discard2[to] drop; let fall3[to] abandon; desert4[to] leave behind; leave (sth) behind5[to] waste; squanderทันทีtan-tiiทันทีtan-tiiimmediately; at once
The bread got damp and grew mold; it must be thrown away immediately.
3 more examplesShow less
There is black mold on the bathroom wall because of the humidity.
นักวิจัยnák-wí-jaiเก็บgèpตัวอย่างdtuua-yàangราraaในnaiครัวเรือนkruua-rʉʉanเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaตรวจdtrùuatชนิดchá-nítและlɛ́หาวิธีhǎa-wí-tiiป้องกันbpɔ̂ng-ganการแพร่กระจายgaan-prɛ̂ɛ-grà-jaai
Researchers collected household mold samples to identify the species and find ways to prevent its spread.
2PronounC1
we two; both of us (archaic/literary)
An archaic or literary first-person dual pronoun referring to the speaker and one other person.
Examples
ราraaราraa1mold; mildew2we two; both of us (archaic/literary)3[to] desist; stop; let upใคร่krâiใคร่krâi1[to] wish to; would like to (formal)2to desire; crave (literary)กราบบังคมทูลgràap-bang-kom-tuunกราบบังคมทูลgràap-bang-kom-tuun[to] respectfully address the monarch; humbly submit to the monarchว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeข้อความkɔ̂ɔ-kwaamข้อความkɔ̂ɔ-kwaam1message; text2statement; contentดังกล่าวdang-glàaoดังกล่าวdang-glàaoaforementioned; previously mentionedเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)ความจริงkwaam-jingความจริงkwaam-jing1truth; fact2actually; in fact; to tell the truthทุกtúkทุกtúk1every; each2every (interval/frequency)ประการbprà-gaanประการbprà-gaan1point; item; aspect2classifier for points/items/aspects/types3manner; way (formal)
I humbly report that the aforementioned statement is entirely true.
3 more examplesShow less
หากhàakทรงพระกรุณาsong-prá-gà-rú-naaโปรดเกล้าbpròot-glâaoราraaจักjàkน้อมnɔ́ɔmปฏิบัติหน้าที่bpà-dtì-bàt-nâa-tîiให้hâiสำเร็จsǎm-rètโดยพลันdooi-plan
If Your Majesty graciously commands, I shall promptly and dutifully carry out the task.
ราraaใคร่krâiขอkɔ̌ɔถวายtà-wǎaiความเห็นkwaam-hěnว่าwâaนโยบายná-yoo-baaiนี้níiพึงpʉngดำเนินdam-nəənด้วยdûuaiความรอบคอบkwaam-rɔ̂ɔp-kɔ̂ɔpและlɛ́คำนึงถึงkam-nʉng-tʉ̌ngราษฎรrâat-sà-dɔɔnเป็นสำคัญbpen-sǎm-kan
We humbly submit that this policy should be conducted with prudence and with the people foremost in mind.
ด้วยเกล้าด้วยกระหม่อมdûuai glâo dûuai grà-mòmขอkŏrราraaรับสนองráp sà-nŏngพระมหากรุณาธิคุณprá-má-hăa-gà-rú-naa-tí-kunโดยdoiสุดกำลังsùt gam-langสติปัญญาsà-dtì bpan-yaaและláeกำลังกายgam-lang gaai
With deepest reverence, we pledge to serve Your Majesty’s benevolence to the utmost of our intellect and strength.
3Verb
[to] desist; stop; let up
to stop or ease off an action or activity, as in รามือ
Examples
ราraaราraa1mold; mildew2we two; both of us (archaic/literary)3[to] desist; stop; let upมือmʉʉมือmʉʉ1hand2skill; level; expertise3classifier: players in certain gambling games4doer; agent5round; turn (card games)จากjàakจากjàak1from; away from2[to] leave; depart; part from3nipa palmงานngaanงานngaan1work; job; employment2task; assignment; duty3event; fair; function4work (product); creation5unit (classifier) for events6work (physics)แล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)มาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerกินข้าวgin-kâaoกินข้าวgin-kâao1[to] have a meal; eat (general)2[to] eat rice (literal)ก่อนgɔ̀ɔnก่อนgɔ̀ɔn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerเถอะtə̀เถอะtə̀1suggestion/encouragement particle2prompting/permission particle3resignation/emphasis particle
Take a break from work and come eat first.
3 more examplesShow less
Mom stopped what she was doing in the kitchen to come out and greet the guests.
พ่อpɔ̂ɔทำtamสวนมาsǔuan-maaตั้งแต่dtâng-dtɛ̀ɛเช้าcháoแต่ยังdtɛ̀ɛ-yangไม่mâiยอมyɔɔmราraaมือmʉʉแม้mɛ́ɛจะjàเหนื่อยnʉ̀ʉaiแล้วlɛ́ɛo
Dad has been gardening since morning, but he still refuses to stop even though he is tired.
แม้mɛ́ɛลูกlûukจะjàขอให้kɔ̌ɔ-hâiราraaมือmʉʉจากjàakธุรกิจtú-rá-gìtเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaพักผ่อนpák-pɔ̀ɔnบ้างbâangเขาkǎoก็gɔ̂ยังyangยืนยันyʉʉn-yanว่าwâaจะjàดูแลduu-lɛɛร้านráanต่อไปdtɔ̀ɔ-bpaiจนกว่าจะjon-gwàa-jàหาhǎaคนkonมาmaaรับช่วงráp-chûuangได้dâai
Although his children have asked him to step back from the business and get some rest, he insists on continuing to run the shop until he finds someone to take over.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableA long vowel with no final consonant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
raa
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |